Cov kua tshuaj lom neeg rau kev lag luam roj teeb: Electrolytes thiab cov kuab tshuaj rau lub zog cia

Cov dej haus tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam roj teeb, tshwj xeeb yog cov tshuaj electrolytes thiab cov kuab tshuaj ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub zog cia.

Ua ntej, electrolyte. Electrolyte yog ib qho tseem ceeb teb rau ion shipping hauv roj teeb. Electrolytes tau zoo tam sim no tsis zoo tshaj plaws xav kom muaj ntau tshaj ionic conductivity, tab sis kuj xav tuav cov tshuaj sib npaug hauv kev ua hauj lwm voltage ntau yam ntawm lub roj teeb. Cov dej haus tshuaj electrolyte feem ntau muaj cov dej qab zib carbonate, dej haus ionic, thiab dej-raws li cov electrolytes tag nrho.

Noj lithium-ion roj teeb ua piv txwv, lawv cov electrolytes feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj uas muaj xws li ethylene carbonate thiab propylene carbonate sib xyaw nrog cov ntsev uas muaj lithium carbonate thiab lithium hexafluorophosphate. Cov electrolyte no muaj peev xwm tuav tau qhov tseeb electrochemical tshuav nyiaj li cas ntawm qhov ua hauj lwm voltage ntawm lub roj teeb (feem ntau 3.6-4.2V), nyob rau tib lub sij hawm raws li muaj ntau ion conductivity, ua kom paub tseeb tias tus nqi txawv tshaj plaw thiab tso tawm tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub roj teeb.

Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg ntawm electrolytes kuj yog cov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam roj teeb. Qee cov electrolytes tshiab uas suav nrog cov electrolytes muaj zog, ib nrab muaj zog electrolytes, thiab dej-raws li tag nrho cov electrolytes tau hloov zuj zus thiab ua rau txhim khu kev tiv thaiv thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov roj teeb.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, ntau cov kuab tshuaj hauv cov roj teeb kuj tseem ua haujlwm tseem ceeb. Ntxiv rau qhov ua ib feem ntawm electrolytes, cov kuab tshuaj kuj tau siv dav hauv kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv electrode, lub roj teeb sib dhos, thiab cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Lub roj teeb zoo tshaj plaws yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv uas suav nrog ntau dhau purity, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, kub kub ntau dhau, thiab kas fes volatility.

Cov kuab tshuaj roj teeb muaj xws li cov dej qab zib uas muaj xws li ethers, esters, thiab cawv, uas muaj xws li dimethyl ether, dimethyl carbonate, ethanol, thiab lwm yam. Cov kuab tshuaj tam sim no tsis zoo tshaj plaws ua tiav thiab tawg cov khoom siv hluav taws xob electrode, txawm li cas los xij kom paub tseeb tias lub roj teeb nyob twj ywm. du thiab ruaj ntseg rau lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab siv.