Cov txheej txheem cua sov ntawm lub tshuab rhaub hluav taws xob: hluav taws xob infrared cua sov
Tso lus
Cov txheej txheem cua sov ntawm lub tshuab rhaub hluav taws xob: hluav taws xob infrared cua sov
Infrared cua sov
Infrared cua sov siv cov hluav taws xob infrared los ua kom cov khoom tawg. Tom qab nqus cov hluav taws xob infrared, cov khoom hloov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob rau hauv thermal zog thiab cua sov.
Infrared yog electromagnetic yoj. Nyob rau hauv lub hnub ci spectrum, nyob sab nraum lub liab kawg ntawm pom lub teeb yog ib tug invisible daim ntawv ntawm hluav taws xob lub zog. Nyob rau hauv lub electromagnetic spectrum, lub wavelength ntau ntawm infrared yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm {{{0}}}.75 thiab 1000 microns, thiab ntau zaus yog 3 × 10 ~ 4 × nruab nrab ntawm 10 hertz. Hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam, cov spectrum infrared feem ntau muab faib ua ob peb pawg: 0.75-3.0 microns nyob rau thaj tsam ze-infrared; 3.0-6.0 microns yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab infrared cheeb tsam; 6.0-15.0 microns nyob hauv cheeb tsam deb infrared; 15.
Hluav taws xob infrared cua sov
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov cua sov tiv thaiv, uas siv cov ntaub ntawv xws li tungsten, hlau npib tsib xee, lossis npib tsib xee chromium alloy ua cov hluav taws xob los tsim cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Tom qab tau hluav taws xob, thermal hluav taws xob yog tsim los ntawm cov cua sov ntawm nws cov tsis kam. Muaj peb feem ntau siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob: lub teeb hom (hom teeb), raj hom (quartz raj hom), thiab phaj hom (planar hom). Lub teeb hom yog lub teeb infrared uas siv tungsten hlau raws li cov emitter, kaw rau hauv lub khob iav uas muaj cov roj inert, zoo ib yam li lub teeb pom kev zoo.
Vim muaj peev xwm nkag tau zoo ntawm infrared, nws yooj yim rau absorbed los ntawm cov khoom, thiab ib zaug absorbed los ntawm cov khoom, nws tam sim ntawd transforms rau hauv thermal zog; Daim ntawv thov ntawm cov cua sov infrared tau tsim sai heev vim nws tsis tshua muaj zog poob ua ntej thiab tom qab cua sov, yooj yim tswj kub, thiab cua kub zoo.
Nruab nrab cua sov
Dielectric cua sov siv cov hluav taws xob ntau zaus rau cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev kub. Cov khoom cua kub tseem ceeb yog dielectric. Thaum lub dielectric muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw hluav taws xob hloov, nws yuav rov qab polarized (qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib npaug tab sis cov nqi sib txawv polarity tshwm rau ntawm nws qhov chaw lossis sab hauv hauv qab ntawm qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob), yog li hloov hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob rau hauv thermal zog.
Qhov zaus ntawm qhov hluav taws xob siv rau nruab nrab cua sov yog siab heev. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, luv luv, thiab ultra luv nthwv dej bands, zaus xws li los ntawm ob peb puas kHz mus rau 300 MHz yog hu ua high-frequency nruab nrab cua sov. Yog tias lawv ncav cuag lub microwave band saum 300 MHz, lawv raug xa mus rau microwave nruab nrab cua sov. Feem ntau, high-frequency nruab nrab cua sov yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob teb ntawm ob daim hlau; Microwave nruab nrab cua sov yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv cov hluav taws xob teb ntawm waveguides, resonators, los yog microwave antennas.
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