Tsev / Kev Lag Luam Kev Paub Txog Encyclopedia / Cov Ntsiab Lus Ua Li Cas Corrosion thiab Perforation ntawm Cartridge Heater Plhaub?

I. Saib ntawm Corrosion thiab Perforation Phenomenon
Cartridge rhaub yog ib hom hluav taws xob cua sov uas siv ntau hauv cov cua sov. Lawv lub plhaub feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj steel, carbon hlau, lossis lwm yam hlau, thiab lawv tuaj yeem xeb thiab tau qhov hauv lawv thaum lawv siv. Corrosion thiab perforation yuav tsis tsuas ua rau lub rhaub ua hauj lwm tsis zoo, tab sis lawv kuj tuaj yeem ua rau nws tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev ua rau hluav taws xob thiab nruab nrab xau. Kab lus no yuav ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov laj thawj uas ua rau muaj kev txhim kho corrosion thiab perforation ntawm lub tshuab rhaub lub plhaub thiab qhia txog kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog.


II. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas ua rau Corrosion thiab Perforation
1. Xaiv cov khoom tsis raug
Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv raug yog ib feem loj ntawm qhov zoo li cas cartridge heaters tiv thaiv corrosion. Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv muaj ntau qib sib txawv ntawm corrosion kuj:

304 stainless hlau yog zoo rau feem ntau corrosive xwm txheej, tab sis nws tuaj yeem tau txais pitting corrosion nyob rau hauv cov chaw nrog chlorine.

316L stainless hlau zoo dua 304 ntawm kev tiv thaiv chloride corrosion thiab tuaj yeem siv rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj chloride, xws li dej hiav txwv.

Titanium: Nws tiv taus corrosion, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas muaj zog acids thiab muaj zog hauv paus.

Nickel-raws li alloys, xws li Inconel series, ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv corrosive tej yam kev mob ntawm kub kub.

Xaiv cov khoom uas tsis ua haujlwm zoo nrog qhov nruab nrab ua haujlwm yuav ua kom cov txheej txheem corrosion ntawm lub plhaub los ntawm ntau. Piv txwv li, siv cov pa roj carbon monoxide tsis tu ncua lossis 304 stainless hlau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj chloride tuaj yeem ua rau hauv zos corrosion thiab qhov.

2. Yam uas ua rau nruab nrab corrosivity
Tus nqi corrosion ntawm lub plhaub yog cuam tshuam ncaj qha los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm nruab nrab.

Acid media: Qhov qis pH tus nqi, qhov ntau corrosive nws yog. Qhov no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj tseeb rau cov chaw uas muaj inorganic acids, xws li hydrochloric acid thiab sulfuric acid.

Alkaline xov xwm: Thaum kub kub, alkali daws nrog ntau alkali tuaj yeem corrode qee cov hlau sai heev.

Cov tshuaj ntsev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov chloride ions (Cl⁻), yuav ua rau pitting corrosion thiab kev nyuaj siab corrosion tawg.

Oxidizing cov neeg ua haujlwm: Cov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov yeeb yaj kiab tsis zoo ntawm cov hlau nto thiab ua kom corrosion.

Tus nqi ntawm cov pa oxygen uas yaj hauv nruab nrab kuj tseem ceeb heev. Feem ntau, qhov ntau oxygen muaj, qhov ceev ntawm electrochemical corrosion tus nqi yog.

3. Corrosion tshwm sim los ntawm hluav taws xob
Thaum lub tshuab rhaub cartridge ua haujlwm, nws tau txais lub zog, uas tuaj yeem pib lossis ua kom cov txheej txheem electrochemical corrosion:

Corrosion los ntawm stray tam sim no: Thaum av tsis zoo los yog cov rwb thaiv tsev tawg, tam sim no tuaj yeem ntws los ntawm lub plhaub, ua rau electrolytic corrosion.

Galvanic corrosion: Thaum lub plhaub ua rau ob peb galvanic nrog lwm cov hlau uas kov nws, cov hlau uas muaj peev xwm qis dua yuav corrode sai dua.

Electrolysis: Thaum muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau ions tawg thiab yaj.

4. Corrosion tshwm sim sai ntawm qhov kub thiab txias
Corrosion tshua tshwm sim sai dua thaum kub nce:

Tus nqi ntawm corrosion nce los ntawm ib ncig ntawm 1-2 zaug rau txhua txhua 10 ° C nce nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias.

Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, qhov nruab nrab thiab cov hlau ua rau ib leeg.

Kev tiv thaiv oxide npog ntawm cov hlau saum npoo tuaj yeem raug puas tsuaj los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.

Thaum cov npuas tawg, lawv yuav rhuav tshem cov txheej tiv thaiv ntawm qhov chaw.

5. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab kev nyuaj siab thiab corrosion
Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC): Thaum tensile kev nyuaj siab thiab tej yam corrosive xov xwm ua hauj lwm ua ke, cov kab nrib pleb tuaj yeem tsim thiab loj hlob ntawm cov hlau.

Corrosion Fatigue: Thaum hloov kev ntxhov siab thiab ib puag ncig corrosive ua haujlwm ua ke los rhuav tshem cov khoom.

Erosion Corrosion: Siab -ceev ntws nruab nrab mechanically erodes cov hlau nto, uas ua rau corrosion.

6. Teeb meem nrog kev tsim khoom
Welded pob qij txha tuaj yeem yooj yim pib corrode, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv tshav kub - cuam tshuam cheeb tsam.

Kev kho deg tsis zoo, zoo li tsis ua pa txaus.

Kev suav nrog thiab lwm yam teeb meem khoom siv sab hauv.

High deg roughness, uas ua rau nws yooj yim rau corrosive cov ntaub ntawv los tsim.

7. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig
Kev ntub dej -kev hloov chaw qhuav: Ua kom corrosion thiab txhawb nqa oxygen ntxiv.

Kev kub siab hauv cheeb tsam: tuaj yeem ua rau cov thermocouple corrosion.

Nyob rau hauv - deposit corrosion: Scaling ntawm lub plhaub nto ua rau corrosion nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw.

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC): Qee cov kab mob cov khoom pov tseg tuaj yeem ua rau xeb.

III. Txoj hauv kev kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem tshwm sim thiab kho lawv
1. Xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog
Xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog rau txoj haujlwm:

Rau cov chaw uas muaj chloride, 316L, 2205 duplex stainless hlau, los yog titanium yuav tsum yog koj thawj xaiv.

Rau kev teeb tsa nrog cov kua qaub muaj zog, xav txog kev siv Hastelloy lossis titanium.

Xaiv cov alloys uas tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov kub thiab txias thiab oxidation.

Tej zaum koj yuav xav xav txog kev siv cov txheej txheem txheej txheej los yog txheej txheej tshuab.

2. Tsim kom zoo
Txhawm rau txo qis kev tuav cia nruab nrab, nyob deb ntawm cov qauv sib txawv.

Xyuas kom cov phab ntsa tuab txaus kom tso cai rau xeb.

Txhim kho qhov smoothness ntawm lub rhaub dej los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua.

Ua tus qauv kev txhawb nqa hauv txoj hauv kev uas txo qis kev ntxhov siab.

3. Ua kom cov txheej txheem zoo dua
Siv cov- zoo welding txoj kev kom paub tseeb tias cov welds yuav tsis xeb.

Ua qhov kev kho saum npoo zoo, xws li passivation lossis electropolishing.

Ua tib zoo tswj cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov kom tshem tau cov kev ntxhov siab sab laug.

Xav txog kev siv tshuab cathodic tiv thaiv.

4. Yuav siv thiab tu li cas
Tshawb xyuas lub plhaub xwm txheej tsis tu ncua kom pom cov cim ntxov ntawm corrosion.

Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj impurities los ntawm kev tsim, khaws cov khoom nruab nrab kom huv si.

Khaws cov chaw ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm nyob rau hauv ib qho kev pom zoo.

Thaum kaw, ua tib zoo ceev faj txog kev nyab xeeb.

5. Saib xyuas cov khoom thiab kev sim
Tshawb xyuas lub thickness ntawm lub raj phab ntsa tsis tu ncua.

Ua cov kev ntsuam xyuas uas tsis ua rau cov khoom puas, xws li kev kuaj ultrasonic lossis eddy tam sim no kuaj.

Khaws ib lub qhov muag ntawm yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj pleev ib ce ntawm nruab nrab hloov.

Teem ib cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus nqi corrosion los xyuas seb qhov kev pab cuam lub neej yuav kav ntev npaum li cas.

IV. Kev xav zaum kawg
Corrosion thiab perforation ntawm lub cartridge rhaub lub plhaub tshwm sim vim muaj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv, xov xwm, kub, kev ntxhov siab, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntxiv. Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo kawm yuav ua li cas corrosion tshwm sim thiab ua cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb los nres nws, koj tuaj yeem ua kom lub tshuab rhaub kom ntev dua thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm zoo thiab ntseeg tau. Thaum muab cov phiaj xwm no tso rau hauv kev nqis tes ua, txoj cai tiv thaiv - cov phiaj xwm corrosion yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kheej, suav nrog kev ua tau zoo thiab nyiaj txiag tsim nyog.