Yuav ua li cas Additively Manufactured Duplex Stainless Hlau Tubes Ua Tau Zoo Phab Ntsa Thickness Profiles?

Raws li qhov phem tshaj plaws - qhov teeb meem kev ntxhov siab, lub raj cua sov yog feem ntau kos nrog tib phab ntsa tuab ntawm qhov kawg mus rau qhov kawg. Qhov kev txwv no raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev tsim khoom ntxiv, uas tso cai rau kev luam ntawv ntawm lub raj duplex stainless hlau nrog lub phab ntsa tuab ze ntawm lub raj, qhov chaw muaj kev ntxhov siab, thiab rab chais - cov phab ntsa nyias nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, qhov tsuas yog lub siab ntim tseem ceeb, nyem tawm txhua qhov kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm thermal. Kev tsim cov khoom me me, siab -cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua haujlwm tau zoo rau cov chaw tawm sab nrauv, cov nroj tsuag tshuaj, thiab kev siv dav hlau tau hloov pauv vim muaj peev xwm kho cov phab ntsa tuab thoob plaws hauv lub raj ntev.

Txoj Kev Cai Lij Choj: Ua raws phab ntsa Thickness thoob plaws
Traditional duplex stainless hlau raj (xws li 2205 thiab 2507) yog tsim los ntawm dov, kos duab, los yog extrusion. Cov txheej txheem no ua rau cov hlab ntsha nrog cov phab ntsa uas yog tib lub thickness thoob plaws. Qhov chaw ntawm qhov siab tshaj plaws kev ntxhov siab- feem ntau lub raj xaus, qhov twg lub raj yog dov los yog welded rau hauv lub raj, los yog qhov twg bending stresses muaj zog tshaj - yog siv los txiav txim siab phab ntsa thickness. Qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub raj yog li ntawd dhau -tsim kom muaj lub siab ntshiab. Qhov hnyav, kev siv nyiaj, thiab kev tiv thaiv thermal yog tag nrho cov hlau ntau ntxiv. Lub raj tuab tuab zoo txo ​​qhov ua tau zoo vim tias kev xa hluav taws xob thoob plaws hauv lub raj phab ntsa yog inversely cuam tshuam nrog tuab (rau cov khoom siv thiab cov dej ua haujlwm).

Variable Phab Ntsa Thickness Profiles: Cov Khoom Siv Tshuaj Ntxiv
Laser hmoov txaj fusion (LPBF) yog siv nyob rau hauv additive manufacturing los tsim optimum tsim rau duplex stainless hlau hlab. Txheej los ntawm txheej, hmoov zoo ntawm duplex stainless hlau (xws li UNS S31803 lossis S32750) yog xaiv los ntawm lub siab - lub zog laser. Cov txheej txheem yog ua raws li peb tus qauv -dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) uas qhia txog lub raj lub taub sab hauv, sab nraud, thiab axis variations. Cov phab ntsa tuab tuaj yeem hloov pauv tas li, sib piv rau cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj.

Common optimization cov txheej txheem muaj xws li:

Thicker xaus: Ntau txheej ntawm cov hlau yog siv rau thawj 50-100 hli ntawm lub raj nyob ze txhua qhov kawg, qhov twg nws los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov tubesheet, nce phab ntsa thickness. Kev ntxhov siab hauv zos los ntawm dov, nthuav dav, vibration, thiab khoov lub sijhawm yog tswj hwm los ntawm qhov chaw txhawb zog no.

Thinner midsection: Lub thickness tsawg kawg nkaus uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov kev tsim qauv siab (xws li ASME Section VIII, Division 1 lossis 2) yog luam tawm nyob rau hauv nruab nrab cheeb tsam, uas tsuas yog raug kev nyuaj siab los ntawm lub siab sab hauv. Piv rau ib txwm kos lub raj ntawm tib cov khoom thiab kev ntsuas siab, qhov nruab nrab no qee zaum 30-50% thinner.

Kev hloov maj mam: Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov kauj ruam ceev, qhov kev hloov ntawm phab ntsa thickness yog tapered nyob rau hauv luv luv (piv txwv li, 20-30 mm).

Cov khoom kawg yog cov khoom siv ua haujlwm tau zoo, nrog cov hlau ua tib zoo muab tso rau qhov chaw uas nws txhim kho cov neeg kho tshuab kev ncaj ncees thiab tshem tawm qhov twg nws tsuas ntxiv qhov hnyav thiab kub ua haujlwm.

Txhim kho cua sov kis tau tus mob thiab txo qis pawg
Muaj ob qhov txiaj ntsig ntsuas tau rau qhov sib txawv - phab ntsa mus kom ze:

Txhim kho tag nrho cov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob (U): Ib lub phab ntsa nyias nyias ua kom cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo nyob rau hauv tib yam dej sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Duplex stainless hlau muaj cov thermal conductivity ntawm kwv yees li 15-17 W / m·K. Cov thermal conductive yog txo los ntawm kwv yees li 40% thaum phab ntsa thickness txo los ntawm 2.0 hli mus rau 1.2 hli (txo 40%), ua rau tag nrho U- tus nqi los ntawm ib qho kev pom zoo (feem ntau yog 10-15%, nyob ntawm seb cov zaj duab xis coefficients).

Qhov hnyav txo: Qhov nyias - phab ntsa nruab nrab ntawm lub raj ntev (piv txwv li, 6 m) ua rau feem ntau ntawm nws qhov ntev. Ib qho kev sib piv cov qauv kos duab nrog homogeneous tuab ua rau tib qhov kawg loads yuav hnyav 25-40% tag nrho ntau dua li lub raj txuas ntxiv. Rau offshore platforms thiab aerospace daim ntawv sau npe qhov twg txhua kilogram suav, cumulative weight savings nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub exchanger nras nrog ntau pua lub raj yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Additive Manufacturing's Metallurgical Benefits for Duplex
Lub microstructure tsim los ntawm LPBF ntawm duplex stainless hlau sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv wrought. Ib qho zoo heev, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm austenite thiab ferrite, feem ntau nrog cov nplej ntau thiab tsawg hauv micrometer lossis submicrometer ntau yam, yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txawv ceev ceev (txias tus nqi txog 10℃/ s). Cov qauv zoo nkauj no tuaj yeem muab tau:

muaj zog tawm los ntau dua (feem ntau yog 20-30% siab dua li qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom hauv lub xeev raws li - luam tawm).

muaj zog cuam tshuam nrog kev kho thermal tsim nyog.

Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus alloying caij sib cais, uas txo qis qhov ua tau ntawm intermetallic theem kev loj hlob thaum luam ntawv.

Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau additively ua duplex Cheebtsam xav tau ib tug ncej- txheej txheem kev daws annealing thiab quenching kom tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws theem tshuav nyiaj li cas thiab corrosion kuj. Lub voj voog ib txwm ntawm kev kho cua sov yog:

Kub rau 1050-1100 degree, nyob ntawm qib.

Tuav lub sijhawm luv luv (piv txwv li, 30 feeb rau txhua 25 hli ntawm ntu tuab).

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov nag lossis daus ntawm sigma theem thiab lwm yam intermetallic, sai sai quench nrog dej lossis roj.

Additively ua duplex stainless hlau ntais ntawv los yog surpasses lub pitting kuj (PREN> 40 rau super duplex) ntawm nws wrought counterpart tom qab kev kho cua sov kom zoo.

Cov nyhuv ntawm Nto tiav ntawm kev ua tau zoo
Muaj ob qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm qhov roughness no: