Yuav Ua Li Cas Tsis Sib Haum Xeeb Cov Cai Lij Choj (Dodd-Frank Act) cuam tshuam li cas rau kev ua raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob?
Tso lus
Teb Chaws Asmeskas Dodd -Frank Act Tshooj 1502 yuam cov tuam txhab lag luam tawm los tshaj tawm seb lawv cov khoom puas muaj cov tin, tantalum, tungsten, lossis kub (3TG) los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb- cov teb chaws cuam tshuam. Txawm hais tias txoj cai tswjfwm yog tsom rau SEC- tshaj tawm cov tuam txhab, nws lim cov khoom lag luam rau cov tuam txhab lag luam ntiag tug, xws li cov chaw tsim khoom cua sov.
3TG Minerals rau cua sov phaj
Tin, tantalum, tungsten thiab kub, 3TG minerals, yog ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm hluav taws xob Cheebtsam, ib co ntawm cov uas yog siv nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov cua kub daim hlau. Lawv daim ntawv thov hauv kev tsim cov cua sov phaj suav nrog:
Tin: Siv nyob rau hauv solder rau cov khoom sib txuas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev tswj circuits thiab connectors.
Tantalum: Siv nyob rau hauv capacitors ntawm hluav taws xob tswj boards rau kev tswj lub zog zoo.
Tungsten: Siv rau hauv cov khoom cua sov vim nws qhov siab melting point thiab kam rau thermal stress.
Kub: Siv rau kev sib txuas thiab nyias plating ntawm qhov tseem ceeb hluav taws xob tiv tauj kom zoo dua conductivity thiab durability.
Txawm hais tias lub phaj cua sov yog tsim nyob rau hauv Asia, yog tias nws raug muag rau cov neeg siv khoom uas raug SEC tsis sib haum xeeb cov ntxhia qhia, cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum tau ceeb toom ntawm ib qho 3TG siv hauv nws cov fabrication. Cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom uas dhau los ua ib feem ntawm cov khoom siv, piv txwv li cov phaj cua sov, yuav tsum muaj peev xwm taug qab lawv qhov chaw rov qab mus rau smelters lossis refiners ntawm cov zaub mov.
Ua raws li kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cua sov
Cov neeg siv khoom xav tau yog tus tsav tsheb loj ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntxhia ua raws. Qhov no tsis yog lub luag haujlwm ncaj qha rau cov lag luam ntiag tug, tab sis cov tuam txhab lag luam hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cua sov yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov cai qhia tawm los ntawm lawv SEC- qhia cov neeg siv khoom.
Lub Luag Haujlwm Minerals Initiative's (RMI) Conflict Minerals Reporting Template (CMRT) yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb siv los tswj kev ua raws cai. CMRT yog ib daim ntawv qauv uas nug cov neeg muag khoom rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov smelters lossis refiners qhov twg 3TG minerals hauv lawv cov khoom tuaj.
Kev sau thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm CMRT:
Kev Tshawb Fawb Cov Khoom Siv: Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cua sov yuav tsum nug lawv cov neeg muag khoom kom muab CMRTs, feem ntau ib xyoos ib zaug.
Ntsuam xyuas CMRTs: Tshawb xyuas cov lus teb kom paub meej tias cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig tau txais thiab los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb - thaj chaw dawb. Cov neeg muag khoom uas tsis tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv txaus yuav tsum raug saib xyuas vim tias tsis yog- ua raws li tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam yav tom ntej.
Qhia Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb: Qhia cov kev tshawb pom rau cov neeg siv khoom thaum tsim nyog, thiab rau cov tuam txhab pej xeem, rau SEC ua ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem sau ntawv txhua xyoo thaum tsim nyog.
Kev soj ntsuam tas mus li: Kev ua raws cai yog ib txoj hauv kev txuas mus ntxiv. Peb nyob twj ywm kom txog rau tam sim no ntawm kev tsim cov saw hlau thiab muab CMRTs tshiab txhua xyoo kom ua raws li kev cai lij choj tsis sib haum xeeb.
Kev Cai Ua Raws Cai
Cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb txog kev nthuav tawm cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum tau ua raws li Tshooj 13(p) ntawm Txoj Cai Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Ruaj Ntseg Xyoo 1934, raws li ntxiv los ntawm Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform thiab Consumer Protection Act. Cov kev cai no muaj feem xyuam rau cov tuam txhab uas xa cov ntaub ntawv nrog US Securities thiab Exchange Commission (SEC).
Tsis tas li ntawd, EU Conflict Minerals Regulation (2017/821), uas tau pib siv rau xyoo 2021, tau muaj feem xyuam rau cov neeg xa khoom ntawm 3TG mus rau European Union, ntxiv rau US cov cai. Txoj cai lij choj no suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob xa tawm mus rau EU, ua pov thawj thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov zaub mov ua raws.
Cov txheej txheem qhia txog qhov tsis sib haum xeeb *
nrhiav CMRTs los ntawm Cov Khoom Muag Khoom yuav tsum muab CMRTs rau lawv cov neeg muab khoom kom nrhiav tau cov ntaub ntawv tag nrho ntawm keeb kwm ntawm ib qho 3TG siv.
Tshawb xyuas cov lus teb kom pom tias muaj cov zaub mov twg los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb - thaj chaw cuam tshuam.
Khaws Cov Ntaub Ntawv: Khaws tag nrho cov lus teb thiab kev ntsuam xyuas kom ua tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau thiab cov qauv kev tswj hwm.
Qhia rau cov neeg siv khoom: Muab cov ntaub ntawv CMRT zaum kawg rau cov neeg siv khoom uas xav tau cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib haum xeeb.
Abstract:
Cov cua sov phaj muab cov saw hlau tau nce siab kom ua raws li cov khoom siv tsis sib haum xeeb, feem ntau yog vim cov neeg siv khoom qis qis. Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tau ceev faj txog cov peev txheej minerals lub luag haujlwm thiab sau cov txheej txheem uas siv Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Teeb Meem Teeb Meem. Qhov kev ua raws cai no yog piv rau cov koom haum kev lav phib xaub, thiab tseem ua rau muaj kev saib xyuas ntawm cov khoom lag luam pob tshab thiab kev coj ncaj ncees. Raws li cov saw hlau pob tshab dhau los ua qhov kev cia siab dhau ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas ciam teb, lub peev xwm los txheeb xyuas kev ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb yuav tsum yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov tuam txhab saib xyuas lawv txoj haujlwm hauv khw.
