Txoj Kev Txwv Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob (RoHS) Cov Lus Qhia Li Cas Rau Cov Phaj Kub Kub?
Tso lus
Txoj Cai Lij Choj Ntawm Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob, lossis RoHS, txwv tsis pub siv cov khoom siv phom sij tshwj xeeb hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob ua lag luam hauv EU. Cov lus qhia no tseem siv tau rau cov phiaj xwm cua sov nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Kev ua raws cai yog yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau lub khw.
RoHS Cov Lus Qhia - Nws yog dab tsi?
RoHS Cov Lus Qhia (2011/65/EU, RoHS 2 thiab cov kev hloov pauv ntxiv hauv RoHS 3) npaj los txwv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qee yam kev puas tsuaj hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob kom txo qis cov kev phom sij cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv no rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv. Cov lus qhia siv rau txhua yam khoom muag hauv EU thiab teeb tsa qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai rau cov tshuaj txwv tsis pub.
RoHS txwv cov khoom hauv qab no hauv cov ntaub ntawv homogenous (cov khoom uas tsis tuaj yeem sib cais):
Lead (Pb): tsis pub tshaj 0.1% los ntawm qhov hnyav
Mercury (Hg): Max . 0.1 % los ntawm qhov hnyav
Cadmium (Cd): Max . 0.01% los ntawm qhov hnyav
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) Max 0.1% los ntawm qhov hnyav
Polybrominated biphenyls (PBB): 0.1% los ntawm qhov hnyav max
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) Max 0.1% los ntawm qhov hnyav
Txoj cai txwv tsis pub muaj qee qhov sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom kawg, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb pov tseg thiab txo qhov muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov neeg siv khoom thiab ib puag ncig.
Rhaub Phaj RoHS Raws
RoHS ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj rau kev muag khoom ntawm cov cua sov phaj nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li cov xov hlau tsis zoo thiab kev tswj hluav taws xob hauv European lag luam. Cov hauv qab no yog cov khoom uas raug tshuaj xyuas raws li RoHS:
Cov Cuab Yeej Cuab Yeej
Resistance hlau: Cov cua kub hauv lub phaj uas ua kom sov los ntawm kev xa hluav taws xob los ntawm nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov khoom txwv xws li txhuas thiab mercury.
Cov pob qij txha: Cov solder siv rau kev teeb tsa cov khoom cua sov thiab tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum tsis muaj hlau lead. Leaded solder yog txwv tsis pub siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev siv hauv qhov chaw kub.
Plating: Txhua cadmium plating siv rau corrosion kuj los yog conductivity yuav tsum tau hloov los ntawm lwm txoj kev. Cadmium plating raug txwv tag nrho raws li RoHS.
Electronic Control Units
Controller boards thiab Cheebtsam: PCB (Printed Circuit Board) thiab lwm yam khoom siv nyob rau hauv lub kub tswj systems ntawm cua sov daim hlau kuj yuav tsum tau raws li RoHS. Qhov no suav nrog kev ua kom paub tseeb tias tsis muaj cov hlau lead lossis lwm yam txwv tsis pub siv hauv cov txheej txheem soldering.
Hloov thiab kev sib txuas: Tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv kev tswj hwm xws li cov keyboards thiab cov khoom sib txuas yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov khoom txwv tsis pub dhau qhov kev tso cai siab tshaj plaws.
Coatings (sab nrauv)
RoHS cov cai yuav tsum raug hwm rau cov txheej txheem sab nraud ntawm cov phaj cua sov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias lawv muaj cov nplaim hluav taws. Cov ntaub ntawv no xws li Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBB) thiab Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDE) raug txwv thiab yuav tsum tau hloov nrog RoHS lwm txoj hauv kev.
Kev Ua Raws Cai
Kev ua raws li RoHS feem ntau pom tau los ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev sim:
Cov lus tshaj tawm ntawm tus neeg muab khoom: Cov neeg tsim khoom xav kom cov neeg xa khoom tuaj yeem muab cov lus tshaj tawm tias cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom ua tau raws li RoHS cov cai.
Cov ntaub ntawv soj ntsuam cov ntaub ntawv: Cov ntawv ceeb toom no tau lees paub tias qee cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom siv tsis muaj tshuaj txwv.
Cov ntaub ntawv technical: Cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis yuav tsum tau khaws cia nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, kev ntsuas kev sib haum xeeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv khoom.
CE Marking Lub cim CE ntawm daim phiaj cua sov qhia tias cov khoom ua tau raws li EU txoj cai, suav nrog RoHS. CE kos yog ib qho kev tshaj tawm ntawm kev ua raws li tag nrho cov qauv European.
RoHS Limited Khoom
Yam khoom siab tshaj plaws
Lead (Pb) 0.1% wt
Mercury (Hg) 0.1% los ntawm qhov hnyav
Cadmium (Cd) 0.01 wt%
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) 0.1% los ntawm qhov hnyav
Polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) 0.1% w/w
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) 0.1% los ntawm qhov hnyav Kev zam thiab kev txiav txim siab
Feem ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob tau them los ntawm RoHS txawm hais tias muaj ntau qhov kev zam. Piv txwv li, cov hlau lead kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv qee qhov kev siv kub kub xws li cov pom hauv qee hom khoom siv cua sov. Cov kev zam no yog nqaim thiab yuav tsum muaj ntaub ntawv zoo rau kev ua raws cai.
Cov ntsiab lus
Kev ua raws li RoHS yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov phiaj xwm cua sov uas muag hauv EU kev ua lag luam thiab yog ib qho kev qhia ntawm kev ua kom ib puag ncig lub siab hauv kev tsim khoom. Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tau lees tias cov phiaj xwm cua sov thiab lawv cov khoom ua tau raws li cov kev txwv rau cov khoom txwv tsis pub raws li tau teev tseg hauv RoHS Cov Lus Qhia thiab tuaj yeem ua pov thawj ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev sim.
Raws li cov kev cai tswj hwm sib txawv, cov tuam txhab yuav tsum paub txog kev hloov pauv hauv RoHS thiab lwm yam kev cai ib puag ncig. Kev ua raws li RoHS yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis yog rau kev nkag mus rau kev lag luam nkaus xwb tab sis kuj tseem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau txoj kev tsim khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov dua. Cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov txheej txheem no txij li kev tswj hwm tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nkag mus rau kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.
