Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Txoj Cai Titanium Cartridge rhaub rau koj daim ntawv thov

Tej zaum nws yuav nyuaj rau xaiv txoj cai titanium cartridge rhaub vim tias muaj ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg, specifications, thiab cov ntsiab lus kev xaiv los ntawm. Hauv cov teb xws li electroplating, chemical processing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and wastewater treatment, ua qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm kev xaiv tsis yog nqi xwb; nws kuj ua rau cov cua sov ua tsis tau, cov khoom ua kom puas ntsoog, muaj kev nyab xeeb, thiab hnub tsis tau teem sijhawm downtime. Qhov xwm zoo yog Thaum koj rhuav tshem nws mus rau hauv ob peb yam tseem ceeb, daim ntawv thov - kev txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb, xaiv qhov tseeb titanium cartridge rhaub yog ib qho yooj yim. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yuav coj koj mus rau txhua kauj ruam, siv ntau xyoo dhau los ntawm qhov tiag-lub ntiaj teb kev ua kom sov cov kua dej los pab koj xaiv lub rhaub dej kub uas yuav kav ntev xyoo es tsis txhob siv ob peb lub hlis xwb.

Lub tshuab rhaub dej kub yog ib qho me me, siab - ua haujlwm tubular cua sov lub ntsiab lus uas txhais tau tias yuav muab tso rau hauv qhov tho, lub tes tsho, lossis qhov dej hauv qhov dej. Nws muaj cov tub ntxhais ceramic qhwv hauv cov hlau tsis kam (feem ntau yog nichrome) thiab insulated nrog siab -purity magnesium oxide (MgO). Tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov khoom yog them nrog hlau. Thaum nws tau txais lub zog, nws hloov hluav taws xob rau hauv cov cua sov uas txav tau yooj yim mus rau qhov nruab nrab ib puag ncig. Cov qauv no tau sim thiab muaj tseeb, thiab cov ntaub qhwv yog ua los ntawm kev lag luam -qib TA2 titanium (ASTM Qib 2 sib npaug, 99.7% purity). Qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov chaw uas cov hlau tsis xeb xeb hauv lub lis piam lossis hli. Tab sis titanium tsis yog kho sai; nws yuav tsum yog txoj cai rau koj tus txheej txheem. Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas ua kom tiav.


Kauj Ruam 1: Txiav txim siab ntawm koj qhov nruab nrab ua haujlwm thiab xyuas kom nws ua haujlwm nrog nws.
Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau ua, txij li yog tias lub sheath melts, tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv. Titanium ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv feem ntau qis - mus rau nruab nrab - cov kua qaub (xws li nitric, sulfuric, phosphoric, thiab chromic), alkalis, ntsev tov, chlorides, thiab electroplating da dej. titanium dioxide txheej uas kho nws tus kheej ua rau nws muaj zog heev, thiab nws feem ntau kav 5 mus rau 10 npaug ntev dua 316L stainless hlau.

But titanium has certain clear limits. It doesn't work well, or it stops working quickly, in hydrofluoric acid (even dilute), fluorosilicic acid, fuming nitric acid (>50% concentration), thiab siab -concentration ntshiab hydrochloric acid ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, siv cov cua sov nrog PTFE (Teflon) sheaths lossis cov alloys tshwj xeeb xws li Hastelloy. Ib txwm muab cov chaw tsim khoom tso cua sov rau qhov tshwj xeeb muaj pes tsawg leeg, concentration, kev khiav hauj lwm kub, thiab lwm yam additives uas koj tus neeg muab tshuaj siv. Koj xav tau daim ntawv qhia txog kev nyab xeeb cov ntaub ntawv (MSDS). Feem ntau yog vim li cas rau kev ua tsis tiav thaum ntxov yog tsis ua raws li cov kauj ruam no.

Kauj Ruam 2: Txheeb xyuas seb koj xav tau lub zog npaum li cas thiab xaiv qhov watt ntom ntom.
Watt ceev (W / cm²) yog tus nqi ntawm cov cua sov uas tawm ntawm txhua square centimeter ntawm sheath nto cheeb tsam. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ntev npaum li cas lub rhaub yuav kav ntev npaum li cas hauv cov dej num corrosive. Yog tias koj xav siv titanium cartridge tso cua sov rau cov cua sov ua kom sov, koj yuav tsum tsom rau 5-7 W / cm² (nyob ib ncig ntawm 32-45 W / in²). Qhov kev nyab xeeb no nres qhov chaw kub hauv cheeb tsam uas tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov txheej txheem oxide tiv thaiv, tsim kom kub hnyiab ntawm lub plhaub, lossis ua kom muaj corrosion.

Higher densities (8–10 W/cm²) may work for heating air or mold that doesn't corrode, but they shorten life a lot in acids or alkalis. Yuav kom paub seb muaj pes tsawg watts muaj:

Txhawm rau ua kom sov ib pawg, siv cov qauv no: Watts=(Ntau hauv liters × Specific gravity × Specific heat × ΔT in℃) / (Lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov xuab moos × Efficiency factor ntawm 0.9–0.95)

Ntxiv 10-20% rau qhov kev nyab xeeb tsis rau kev poob cua sov.

Piv txwv li, 500-liter tank ntawm 10% sulfuric acid yuav tsum tau los ntawm 20℃mus rau 60℃hauv 2 teev. Kev kwv yees ntxhib muab tag nrho ntawm kwv yees li 8 txog 10 kW. Txhawm rau nyob tsis pub dhau 5-7 W / cm², faib los ntawm lub tshuab cua sov qhov chaw. Yog tias koj tsis ntsuas koj lub rhaub kom raug, nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev kom sov thiab khiav ntawm lub zog tag nrho txhua lub sijhawm. Yog tias koj loj nws loj dhau, nws yuav ua rau thaj tsam kub uas tsis xav tau. Cov kws tshaj lij ua cov kev suav no rau koj thiab xyuas cov watt ceev.

Kauj Ruam 3: Xyuas kom tseeb tias qhov loj me yog qhov haum rau qhov zoo meej haum thiab hloov pauv kub.
Lub rhaub yuav tsum haum snugly rau hauv koj lub qhov lossis lub tes tsho, nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm 0.02 txog 0.05 hli (0.0008 txog 0.002 nti). Yog tias nws xoob dhau lawm, huab cua qhov yuav tshwm sim, uas yuav ua rau cov pa kub kub, ua haujlwm qis dua, thiab cov sheath burnout. Yog tias nws nruj heev, nws tsis tuaj yeem ntsia tau lossis lub tshuab cua sov yuav puas.

Standard diameters li ntawm 6 hli mus rau 25 hli (¼ "mus rau 1"). Xaiv txoj kab uas hla loj tshaj plaws uas yuav haum rau koj cov cuab yeej kom nthuav tawm cov cua sov kom zoo thiab txo cov watt ceev.

Length: Qhov uas yog rhuab yuav tsum yog tag nrho underwater los yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho kev sib cuag nrog nruab nrab. Txhawm rau kom cov terminals txias, ntxiv cov seem txias ntawm cov hlau lead kawg (feem ntau 25-50 mm). Tag nrho qhov ntev yuav tsum suav nrog cov khoom siv mounting.

Kev kam rau siab: Cov cua kub zoo tshaj plaws kom lub cheeb ntawm ± 0.05 hli thiab qhov ntev li ntawm ± 1 hli.

Siv lub micrometer lossis ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov koj twb muaj lawm. Yog tias koj tab tom rov kho dua tshiab, xav txog kev rov ua dua - tho kom haum zoo tshaj. Cov hauj lwm ntxiv yuav them rau xyoo ntawm kev pabcuam ntxiv.

Kauj Ruam 4: Thov kom cov titanium yog cov purity siab thiab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj.
Muaj ntau hom "titanium." Thov TA2 (Qib 2) nrog cov ntaub ntawv xeem zeb tiav uas qhia tias muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus purity ntawm 99.7% thiab cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov qib qis lossis cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab tsis muaj zog txhua yam. Nrhiav:

Rau kev ua haujlwm ntev, cov phab ntsa yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 0.8-1.0 hli tuab.

Swaged (compacted) kev tsim kho rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshav kub kis tau tus mob thiab tsis kam mus vibrations

Grounded sheath rau kev nyab xeeb hauv cov kua uas nqa hluav taws xob

Kauj Ruam 5: Tshawb xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev thiab txoj hauv kev tsim.
MgO rwb thaiv tsev uas mus ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj zog thiab cov ntaub qhwv yuav tsum yog cov ntshiab, nruj heev (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 2.7 g / cm³), thiab qhuav tag. Yog tias koj tsis ua kom zoo, nws tuaj yeem muaj voids, nqus dej noo, xau hluav taws xob, thiab hlawv tawm. Ntawm 500 VDC, siab- cov cua kub zoo muaj qhov hluav taws xob tiv thaiv ntau dua 100 MΩ thiab lub zog dielectric ntau dua 1,500 V. Cov khoom lag luam pheej yig feem ntau hla cov theem no, yog li nug cov ntawv xeem.

Kauj Ruam 6: Qhia peb seb cov hlau lead thiab cov kev txiav tawm uas koj xav tau rau koj ib puag ncig.
Cov txhuas yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tswj tau koj qhov kev khiav hauj lwm kub, tshuaj lom neeg, thiab kev ntxhov siab txhua yam:

Silicone roj hmab yog hloov tau thiab tuaj yeem tswj qhov kub txog li 200 degree. Nws ua haujlwm zoo hauv qhov nruab nrab.

Teflon (PTFE): Zoo heev rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kub txog 260 degree.

Rau qhov kub siab tshaj 260℃los yog nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob phem heev, siv fiberglass los yog ceramic.

Length: Ntev txaus kom ncav cuag koj lub thawv sib txuas yam tsis tas yuav ua rau ntau dhau (ntxiv 300-500 mm).

suav nrog cov kev xaiv xws li ceev- txiav cov plugs, ya raws- cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, lossis stainless hlau braid los tiv thaiv kev hnav thiab tsim kua muag.

Kauj Ruam 7: Cov Lus Qhia Ntxiv Txog Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob
Voltage: 120 V, 240 V, lossis 480 V. Ua kom koj lub hwj chim sib tw. Peb -theem rau cov cua sov uas loj dua.

Wattage: Raws li xam pom, nrog ib qho txawm kis raws qhov ntev.

Ua -hauv cov thermocouples (J lossis K hom) lossis RTDs rau PID tswj qhov kub thiab txias.

Mounting: Tank tej zaum yuav muaj threaded fittings, flanges, los yog designs mus rau sab.

Cov lus qhia kom ua tiav thiab ua yuam kev kom zam
Nco ntsoov xyuas kom meej tias txhua yam yog tag nrho submerged los ntawm kev txhim kho qis -theem cutoffs.

Nug ib tus qauv lossis qauv rau kev siv tseem ceeb.

Yuav los ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom uas cia koj kho koj qhov kev txiav txim tsis yog tsuas yog khaws cov khoom los ntawm cov ntawv teev npe.

Qee qhov blunders feem ntau tsis xyuam xim rau watt ceev, tsis quav ntsej cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj, lossis xav tias "titanium yog titanium."

Yam kawg uas yuav tsum tau kuaj ua ntej koj xaj
Dab tsi yog qhov tseeb chemistry thiab concentration?

Qhov kev khiav hauj lwm kub thiab lub luag hauj lwm lub voj voog yog dab tsi?

Muaj pes tsawg watts thiab lawv tuab npaum li cas?

Qhov luaj li cas ntawm qhov thiab qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig lawv yog dab tsi?

Cov hlau lead zoo li cas thiab ntev npaum li cas?

Cov ntawv pov thawj thiab puas tuaj yeem taug qab cov khoom?

Yog tias koj ua raws li cov lus qhia no, koj yuav xaiv lub titanium cartridge rhaub uas tsis yog ua haujlwm xwb, tab sis ua haujlwm zoo dua li qhov xav tau. Cov nroj tsuag uas ua qhov no zoo hais tias lawv tuaj yeem ua kom lawv lub tshuab ua haujlwm tau ntev li 3 txog 5 xyoos, txiav cov nqi hloov pauv los ntawm 70 txog 90%, thiab muaj sijhawm ntau lawm uas yog pob zeb. Kev hloov kho kev tshaj lij yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws mus yog tias koj muaj kev xav tau tshwj xeeb xws li qhov txawv txav, siab - kev ntsuas siab, lossis cov xov xwm tsis tshua muaj.

Tsis txhob tso lub rhaub tom ntej uas koj yuav mus txog lub caij nyoog. Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov specs haum rau txoj hauj lwm, nug kom siab - cov ntaub ntawv zoo, thiab ua hauj lwm nrog tus neeg muag khoom uas tau ua lag luam ntev. Koj cov txheej txheem, koj cov peev nyiaj, thiab koj txoj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb yuav zoo dua.