Yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txhim kho qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov kev hloov pauv ntawm obecel-phosphorus plating txheej txheem?

Txhim kho qhov ruaj ntseg ntawm electroless Nickel-phosphorus plating daws yog tus yuam sij los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab ntau lawm. Hauv qab no yog txoj kev daws teeb meem hauv ntau qhov ntev, suav nrog kev tswj hwm plating kev tswj hwm, kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm thiab cov cuab yeej siv los ntawm:
I. Kev tswj hwm ntawm plating kua ntau
1. Sib npaug ntawm Nickel ntsev thiab txo tus neeg sawv cev
Nickel I ion concentration: tswj hwm ntawm 6-8 g \/ l (nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm ob npib sulfate). Siab dhau kev xav tau yooj yim tuaj yeem ua rau kev txiav txim siab tshwm sim ntawm cov kev hloov pauv, thaum tsis muaj kev hloov pauv qis dua tuaj yeem txo tus nqi tso dag.
Sodium hypophosphipite: tswj hwm ntawm 20-30 g \/ l, nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob raug tshuaj xyuas txhua 2 teev) kom tsis txhob muaj kev noj haus hauv zos los ntawm kev noj haus tsis sib xws.
MANPOR piv|MOPRAN piv ntawm Nickel ions rau sodium hypophosphaphephthothphat tau ua tiav los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntxiv.
2. Cov neeg sawv cev ua kom zoo thiab ua tsis tau zoo
Xaiv ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ua haujlwm:
Lactic acid (15-30 g \/ l) citric acid (} g \/ l)} g \/ l)} g \/ l) kev tsim txom Nickel phosphatitation nag.
Zam kev siv tus neeg sawv cev ib leeg (xws li citrate) kom tiv thaiv kev tsis txaus siab thiab tsis ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub siab.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb:
Boric acid (30-40 g \/ l) tswj hwm tus nqi PHY. 5 los tiv thaiv kom tiv thaiv ib qho kev poob ntse hauv pH vim muaj kua qaub.
3. Qhov tseeb ntawm stabilizers
Thiource: Ntxiv {0. {{{}}}
Cov hlau hnyav: xws li PB²⁺ ({{{{}}}}}}}}}}.}.}}.}}.}}
2. Kev tswj nruj ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm
1. Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias
Siv qhov kub-precision kub tswj qhov system (± 1 degree), qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv tshuaj npauj tsib {{3} degree.
Yuav kom tsis txhob muaj kev kub ntxhov hauv zos (xws li qhov kub ntawm qhov cub cua sov tsis tshaj 95 degree), cov kev sib tw ua haujlwm tau siv los tshem tawm cov kev daws teeb meem kub.
2. Kev hloov kho kom zoo ntawm tus nqi
Thaum siv lub tshuab hloov khoom siv, ntxiv cov kua qaub (xws li dej zoo li ammonia) maj mam los tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj ntau tus nqi.
Saib xyuas tus lej pH ib zaug ib teev, thiab tus nqi PHIC kev tsim khoom thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom yuav tsum tswj hwm hauv thaj tsam ntawm {{}}}. 1.
3. Chaw thau khoom thiab stirring kev ua kom zoo
Chaw thau khoom cov nyiaj: tswj hwm ntawm {{{0}}}}}. 0 dm² \/ l. Kev siab dhau yuav nrawm rau kev noj ntawm cov kev sib xyaw plating, thiab qis dhau yuav ua rau txoj kev daws teeb meem tau txais kev daws teeb meem.
Stirringing Street:
Neeg kho tshuab stirring: ceev 100-200 rpm, zam kev ua kom nruj ua kom muaj huab cua npuas thiab ua rau cov pinters.
Huab cua nplawm: compressed huab cua yuav tsum tau lim kom tiv thaiv cov roj lossis hmoov av los ntawm kev ua paug.
3. Impurity thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb
1. Kev tshem tawm ntawm cov hlau impurities
Fe³ts: Ntxiv hydrogen peroxide ({0. {{} Ml \/ l) rau oxidation, kho p kom haum 5.5, precipalate thiab lim.
Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺: Siv qis tam sim no ceev ({{{}}. {}. 5 A \/ dsorb los ntawm ion pauv pauv resin.
2. Kev huv ntawm cov organic impurities
Kho nrog actived carbon (2-5 g \/ l) ib hlis ib zaug, ua kom sov li 2 teev, thiab lim kom tshem tawm cov khoom siv decomposition thiab roj stains.
Zam txhob siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov roj silicone, thiab siv polyether-based silicone-dawb defoamers (ntxiv rau {}. {}}. 05%).
3. Khoom siv lim pom
Kev lim cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv: Siv 5-10 μm lim khoom ntim, thiab cov kev ncig ncig ib teev yog {1}} lub sijhawm ntim ntawm cov plating tov.
Raws li lub tank tu: khoob cov plating daws teeb meem thiab kom huv si cov av hauv qab ntawm lub tank txhua qhov kev sib tw (lossis ua haujlwm} dm² workpieces).
IV. Cov Khoom Siv thiab Txij Nkawm Kev Ntsuas
1. Cov khoom xaiv
PLATING TANK: Siv pp lossis PVC cov ntaub ntawv kom tsis txhob muaj hlau ion xaus thiab paug ntawm cov plating daws.
Cua sov raj: Titanium lossis Teflon Txheej los tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov hauv lub zos overheating los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov kev txiav txim siab plating.
2. Plating kev sib tw thiab kev ua kom pom tseeb
Kev Lag Luam Txheej Txheem: Ua kom cov plating daws cov kab ke 3-5 Sijhawm hauv ib teev kom tsis txhob tuag cov ces kaum.
Lim system: Siv ib lub hnab lim + lim lub cev ua ke, thiab hloov lub lim txheej tsis tu ncua (nws pom zoo los hloov nws txhua 7 hnub).
3. Plating daws cov thev naus laus zis txhim kho
Ion Txauv Txoj Kev: Tsis tu ncua tshem tawm cov ntawv sau tseg cia li, K⁺ E 50 los ntawm cov acid sid acid cation sib pauv txauv.
Electrodialysis: remove excess phosphite (when the phosphite concentration is >80 g \/ l, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem rau plating tsawg dua).
V. Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Kho Mob Xwm Ceev
1. Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Cov Khoom Li Cas
Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Ntau Yam Kev Tswj Xyuas
Ni²⁺ concentration txhua 2 teev 6-8 g \/ u edta tormration txoj kev
Sodium Hypophosphaphite txhua 2 teev 20-30 g \/ l iodine txoj kev
Ph tus nqi txhua teev 4. {5-5. 5 precision pter me me
Phospite txhua txhua hnub tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 80 g \/ l ion chromatography txoj kev
Hnyav hlau import txhua lub lim tiam PB²⁺ <{{{}}. 5 mg \/ l atomic nqus spectrometry
2. Cov cim qhia txog kev kho mob thiab kho xwm ceev
Cov tsos mob cim rau npe:
Cov plating cov tshuaj yog me ntsis turbid, lossis muaj dub npib tsib xee mus rau hauv lub thawv ntim.
Tus nqi ntawm hydrogen nag los daus nce ntxiv tsis zoo, thiab cov nqi tso nyiaj tau txais kev nrawm nrawm.
Ntsuas Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev:
Nres cua sov tam sim ntawd thiab txias cov plating daws rau hauv qab 60 degree.
Ntxiv 2-5 g \/ l activated carbon mus adsorb cov khoom siv decomposition, do rau 1 teev thiab lim.
Yog tias qhov kev txiav txim siab yog qhov mob hnyav, ib feem ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem tau muab pov tseg thiab yuav tsum tau ntxiv (nws raug nquahu kom tau txais ntau tshaj 1\/3 ntawm lub ntim yuav tsum tau hloov txhua lub sijhawm).
VI. Txheej Txheem Txhim Kho Kom Zoo
Kev txhim kho stabilizers tshiab:
Tshawb xyuas nano-teev cov stabilizers (xws li silica-coated thioura) txhawm rau txhim kho kev cuam tshuam thaum txo cov kev cuam tshuam rau txheej txheej.
Cov Tshuaj Xyuas Cov Neeg Tshaj Tawm:
Integrate online sensors (such as ORP potentiometers, nickel ion concentration sensors) to provide real-time feedback on the status of the plating solution and achieve automatic refilling and adjustment.
Tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig plating daws cov kua mis:
Tsim cov hmoov txhuas-dawb thiab cadmium-dawb stabilizers, thiab siv biodegradable compluconate (xws li sodium gluconate) kom txo cov kev pheej hmoo ib puag ncig.
Los ntawm cov kev ntsuas saum toj no, kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom Nickel-phosphorus plating daws tau nce ntxiv los ntawm cov tsoos {1} Taug kev ntau dua thiab txhim kho cov ruaj khov ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo. Hauv kev siv cov kev siv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua ke ntau lawm nplai thiab cov khoom lag luam tsim qauv kev npaj kho tus kheej.