Nyob rau hauv Titanium Fais Rhaub Rau A 20% Zinc Sulfate Electrolyte Ntawm 60 Degree, Yuav Ua Li Cas Tam Sim No Qhov Nthuav Los Ntawm Qhov Sib Nrauj Plating Busbar (0.5 A / Dm² Vs. 2 A / Dm²) Hloov Kho Cov Txheej Txheem tam sim no -Induced Pitting Pattern?
Tso lus
Nyob rau hauv zinc sulfate electroplating, stray tam sim no los ntawm cov busbars uas nyob ib sab tuaj yeem polarize lub titanium rhaub. Ntawm qhov ceev tam sim no (0.5 A / dm²), stray tam sim no ua rau tawg, qhov tob tob nrog qhov tob ntawm 20-50 µm. Ntawm qhov ceev tam sim no (2 A / dm²), cov stray tam sim no tsim kom muaj zog, sib sib zog nqus pits nrog qhov tob ntawm 100-300 µm raws li cov kev taw qhia busbar. Cov qauv pitting hloov los ntawm random mus rau kev taw qhia raws li qhov ceev tam sim no nce vim tias qhov ceev tam sim no ntau dua ua rau muaj zog hluav taws xob gradient, tsom rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tam sim no mus rau thaj chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm lub rhaub.
Lub Mechanism ntawm Stray Current -Induced Pitting
Lub titanium rhaub, raus nyob rau hauv lub conductive zinc sulfate electrolyte, ua raws li ib tug electrode nyob rau hauv stray hluav taws xob teb. Lub peev xwm gradient ntawm lub rhaub thiab lub busbar tsav ib qho tam sim no los ntawm electrolyte. Qhov twg tam sim no tawm ntawm lub rhaub (cov chaw anodic), titanium yaj. Ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj tam sim no, cov chaw anodic raug faib ua ntu zus ntawm qhov tsis xws luag. At high current densities, the potential gradient is steep enough to overcome surface heterogeneity, and the current focuses on areas geometrically aligned with the busbar. Tus nqi pitting ua raws li Faraday txoj cai: qhov tob ∝ tam sim no ceev × lub sij hawm.
Quantitative Pitting raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm Stray Current Density
Kev tswj xyuas hauv 20% ZnSO₄ ntawm 60℃tshaj 500 teev nrog lub busbar nyob 100 hli los ntawm lub rhaub tau tsim cov hauv qab no rau Qib 2 titanium. Ntawm 0 A / dm² (baseline, tsis muaj stray tam sim no), qhov ntom ntom yog 0 pits ib cm², qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov tob yog 0 µm, thiab cov qauv pitting tsis muaj. Ntawm 0.5 A / dm², qhov ntom ntom yog 5-20 pits ib cm², qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov tob yog 20-50 µm, thiab cov qauv tawg. Ntawm 1.0 A / dm², qhov ntom ntom yog 20-60 pits ib cm², qhov tob yog 50-150 µm, thiab cov qauv qhia pom kev sib haum xeeb nrog lub busbar. Ntawm 1.5 A / dm², qhov ntom ntom yog 50-150 pits ib cm², lub qhov tob yog 100-250 µm, thiab cov qauv sib dhos. Ntawm 2.0 A / dm², qhov ntom ntom yog 100-300 pits ib cm², lub qhov tob yog 150-350 µm, thiab cov qauv zoo sib xws nrog cov kev taw qhia busbar.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm Busbar Distance thiab Orientation ntawm Stray Current Density
Txoj kev khiav ceev tam sim no ntawm lub tshuab cua sov txo nrog lub square ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub busbar. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 50 mm los ntawm lub busbar, qhov ceev ceev tam sim no yog 2.0-3.0 A / dm², thiab pitting yog hnyav heev. Ntawm 100 mm, qhov ceev yog 1.0-1.5 A / dm², thiab pitting yog nruab nrab. Ntawm 200 mm, qhov ceev yog 0.3-0.5 A / dm², thiab pitting yog tsawg. Ntawm 500 mm, qhov ceev yog 0.05-0.1 A / dm², thiab pitting yog negligible. Kev taw qhia ntawm lub tshuab cua sov txheeb ze rau lub busbar kuj tseem ceeb; lub tshuab cua sov sib npaug mus rau lub busbar muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua li ib qho kev sib txuas.
Stray Current Mitigation and Pitting Prevention Guide
Cov lus hauv qab no muab cov lus pom zoo rau kev tiv thaiv kev tsis ncaj ncees tam sim no -induced pitting ntawm Qib 2 titanium rhaub hauv 20% zinc sulfate ntawm 60℃.
| Stray Current Density (A / dm²) ntawm lub rhaub | Xav Pitting Severity | Qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov tob (µm / xyoo) | Pom zoo ua |
|---|---|---|---|
| <0.3 | Tsis muaj | <20 | Tsis muaj |
| 0.3–0.8 | Tsawg | 20–80 | Shield rhaub nrog yas mesh |
| 0.8–1.5 | Nruab nrab | 50–150 | Move heater >300mm los ntawm busbar |
| 1.5–2.5 | Siab | 150–300 | Txhim kho hluav taws xob cais |
| >2.5 | Mob hnyav | >300 | Redesign lub tank layout |
Engineering Beyond Stray Current Control
Qib titanium cuam tshuam rau pitting kuj. Qib 7 (palladium-stabilized) muaj 2-3 zaug siab dua rau qhov tsis muaj zog tam sim no, tso cai rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm 1.0–1.5 A / dm² nrog rau cov nqi pitting. Qib 12 muaj kev txhim kho nruab nrab. Phab ntsa thickness muab lub qhov nkag nkag; ib lub 2.0 hli phab ntsa nrog 150 µm pits ib xyoo kav 13 xyoo. Ib daim ntaub thaiv yas perforated (PTFE los yog polypropylene, 5 hli qhov, 50% qhib cheeb tsam) nyob ib ncig ntawm lub tshuab rhaub kom txo qis tam sim no los ntawm 70-80%. Lub tshuab cua sov yuav tsum tau muab hluav taws xob cais tawm ntawm lub tank hauv av kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam tam sim no los ntawm kev nrhiav txoj hauv kev rov qab los.
Ua ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb
Rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob titanium hauv 20% zinc sulfate ntawm 60 degree, tso lub rhaub kom tsawg kawg 300 hli los ntawm qhov ze tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob muaj qhov ceev tam sim no hauv qab 0.5 A / dm². Yog tias qhov chaw txwv tsis pub muaj qhov no, nruab ib daim ntaub thaiv yas perforated nyob ib ncig ntawm lub rhaub thiab qhia Qib 7 titanium. Rau cov cua sov uas twb muaj lawm nrog cov stray tam sim no pitting, ntxiv ib daim ntaub thaiv npog los yog txav lub rhaub. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, saib xyuas lub tshuab cua sov rau cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws; Yog tias pitting tshaj 0.2 hli qhov tob, hloov lub rhaub. Los ntawm kev tswj cov stray tam sim no ceev los ntawm kev nyob deb thiab shielding, tus engineer tiv thaiv hnyav pitting nyob rau hauv zinc sulfate electroplating kev pab cuam.
