Thawj 50 xyoo ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum

Thawj 50 xyoo ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum

Nyob rau hauv 1904, sputtering nyiaj ntawm lub tog raj kheej tau patented (Edison). Xyoo 1907, pib kawm txog lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum evaporation technology (Soddy). Xyoo 1913, txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm adsorption isotherms (Langmuir, Knudsen, Knacke, thiab lwm yam). Nyob rau hauv 1917, nyias zaj duab xis resistors tau sputtered ntawm iav rods.

Xyoo 1920, txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm sputtering theory (Guntherschulzer). Xyoo 1928, lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum ntawm tungsten filaments (Ritsehl, Cartwright, thiab lwm yam). Xyoo 1930, lub tshuab nqus tsev vapor evaporation tsim ultrafine hais (Pfund). Xyoo 1934, coil plating kub ntawm translucent cellophane (Kurz, Whiley); plasma tu iav rau nyias zaj duab xis deposition (Bauer, Muaj zog).

Xyoo 1935, lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum evaporation winding txheej ntawm Cd: Mg thiab Zn rau hlau ntawv capacitors tau kawm tiav (Bausch, Mansbridge); daim iav saum npoo ntawm Palomar 100-inch telescope yog aluminized (Strong); lub lens kho qhov muag tau coated nrog ib txheej txheej antireflection txheej (Zoo, Smakula); Kawm txog kev loj hlob morphology ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab hlau (Andrade, Matindale).

Nyob rau hauv 1937, lub taub hau beam kaw siv lead ua reflector tau tiav lawm (Wright); lub tshuab nqus tsev winding evaporation txheej tau ua tiav tiav (Whiley); lub magnetron enhanced sputtering txheej tau ntse tsim (Penning). Nyob rau hauv 1938, evaporation ntawm ions tom qab bombarding ib tug nto yog patented (Berghaus).

Xyoo 1939, ob txheej txheej tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam tau ua tiav tiav (Cartwright, Turner). Xyoo 1941, lub tshuab nqus tsev aluminized mesh tau ua rau hauv cov ntawv hlau rau radar. Nyob rau hauv 1942, lub plating ntawm peb-txheej anti-reflection zaj duab xis (Geffcken); cov hlau ion qhov chaw rau isotope sib cais tau ua tiav tiav. Xyoo 1944, lub tshuab hluav taws xob tu iav tau ua tiav tiav (Rice, Dimmick).

Nyob rau hauv 1945, lub multilayer optical lim tau ntse tsim (Banning, Hoffman). Xyoo 1946, qhov tuab ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab tau ntsuas los ntawm X-ray absorption method (Friedman, Birks); Lub tuam txhab British Goodfellow tau tsim. Xyoo 1947, daim iav saum npoo ntawm 200-inch telescope tau ua tiav nrog txhuas.

Xyoo 1948, American Optical Laboratory (OCLI) tau tsim tsa; nqus sai evaporation ntawm deposited hais (Harris, Siegel); Lub teeb kis tau los tswj cov tuab ntawm zaj duab xis (Dufour). Xyoo 1949, kev kawm txog kev loj hlob morphology ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab uas tsis yog xim hlau (Schulz).

Nyob rau hauv 1950, sputtering txoj kev xav pib tsim (Wehner); Kev lag luam semiconductor pib tawm; ntau yam kev lag luam microelectronics pib tawm; Cov iav tsom iav txias tau tsim tiav (Turner, Hoffman, Schroder); yas hniav films pib tshwm (holland, thiab lwm yam).

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