Qhov teeb meem ntawm tus nqi pH tsis zoo hauv fermentation nruab nrab rau cov cua kub sib txawv

# Cov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog tus nqi pH tsis raug ntawm qhov nruab nrab fermentation nyob rau hauv ntau lub raj cua sov Kev txiav txim siab ion kev ua thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi ntawm corrosion yog ncaj qha nyob ntawm pH ntawm fermentation broth thiab CIP tu kua. Cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov raj cua sov yuav raug puas tsuaj tas mus li los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntev - nyob rau hauv huab cua acidic lossis alkaline. Txawm tias ib qho me me sib txawv los ntawm qhov zoo tshaj pH ntau yam, thaum ua ke nrog cua sov, zoo li qub, thiab biofilm, yuav ua rau kom corrosion, txheej blistering, thiab nto etching. Cov lus hauv qab no npaj cov pH nyab xeeb, cov phiaj xwm tswj hwm, thiab pH kev puas tsuaj ntawm plaub yam khoom siv cua sov.|Cua sov Tube Khoom|Safe Long-Lub Sijhawm Ua Haujlwm pH Ntau|Corrosion Risk Mechanism Raws li qhov txawv txav pH|Yam Failure Manifestation|pH Kho & Tswj Kev Ntsuas|| ----|----|{{40}---|-{{61}--|----|| 316 Stainless Hlau|pH 5.5–8.0|Muaj zog acid dissolves chromium passive zaj duab xis; pH ＞9 kub alkali strips oxide txheej; H⁺/OH⁻ txhawb chloride nkag mus rau hauv welds|Online pH interlock tswb; neutralize tshaj-acid/over-alkali nruab nrab ua ntej ncig|| Qib 2 Titanium|pH 4.0–9.0|Cov kua qaub dhau erodes TiO₂ zaj duab xis; siab pH txo cov pa oxygen zaj duab xis regeneration efficiency; alkaline ib puag ncig amplifies fluoride etching|Lub zos milky dawb etching huab, nruam electrochemical tej zaum poob|Khaws nruab nrab nruab nrab; ntxiv oxygen- nplua nuj ncig nyob rau hauv siab pH mob|| PFA Coated rhaub|pH 2.0–12.0 (tsuas yog kub)|| High-kub muaj zog alkali nkag mus rau txheej khawb los ua cov hlwv interlayer; muaj zog acid accelerates kev laus thiab embrittlement ntawm txheej nto|Txheej bulging, tev, thiab xeb paug ntawm nruab nrab|Txwv kub alkali kub kom tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 85 degree; ua kom tiav ntau-theem yaug kom tshem tawm cov residual muaj zog puag|Quartz iav|pH 2.0–7.0|Ib qho pH⼞7 alkaline kua tawg Si-O covalent bonds; siab dua pH thiab kub ceev frosting tshuaj tiv thaiv|Tam sim ntawd neutralize inadvertent alkaline to; nruj nreem cais tag nrho alkaline pipelines; matte frosted tube phab ntsa, txo cov txheej txheem lub zog, thermal cracking txaus ntshai|## 1. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm pH corrosion Hydroxide ions thiab hydrogen ions yog cov tsav tsheb tom qab kev tiv thaiv corrosion: 1. Tsawg pH (acidic ib puag ncig): Cov txheej tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlau oxide passive films yog yaj los ntawm H⁺ tshaj, nthuav tawm cov substrate raug. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydrogen evolution ua rau lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm cov hlau thiab oxide, uas ua rau cov ion infiltration . 2. Alkaline ib puag ncig (siab pH): OH⁻ decomposes amphoteric hlau oxide coatings; Soluble corrosion khoom yog tsim los ntawm kev nruam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm hydroxide nrog cov khoom matrix thaum lub sij hawm cua sov . 3. Lub xeev tus nqi ntawm cov phab ntsa phab ntsa kuj hloov los ntawm huab pH, uas pab txhawb lub adsorption ntawm biofilm, hnyav hlau hais, thiab corrosive ions. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev tsim cov cheeb tsam siab -corrosion micro{105}}zones hauv qab cov deposits. ## 2. Progressive pH{107}}induced degradation mus rau ib tug neeg cov ntaub ntawv ### 316 Stainless hlau Cov chromium oxide passive zaj duab xis tsuas yog ruaj khov nyob rau hauv qaug zog acid / tsis muaj zog alkali daws uas nyob ze nruab nrab. - Nruam qis nruab nrab pH 5.5: Lub cev tiv thaiv zaj duab xis ntawm welds yog yaj los ntawm cov organic acids ntxiv. Sib sib zog nqus pitting yog tsim sai heev thaum chloride ions yooj yim nkag mus rau liab qab hlau. - Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug nruab nrab pH tshaj 8.5 thiab cua sov tshaj 55 degree, lub nruam chromium oxide zaj duab xis yog stripped los ntawm kub alkali. Yog tias tsis ua raws li kev ua kom zoo, cov xeb tsis sib xws yuav npog cov cua sov hauv 2-3 lub hlis. Tshaj -alkaline corrosion yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntxiv ntau dhau ntawm lub hauv paus los tswj pH, uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm acidic sib txawv thaum lub sij hawm microbial metabolism hauv feem ntau ntawm cov kab fermentation. ### Qib 2 Titanium Titanium dioxide zaj duab xis muaj cov kua qaub ntau dua - puag kam rau siab dua stainless hlau, tab sis nws tseem muaj cov kev txwv tseeb . - Lub sij hawm ntev pH: 4: TiO₂ txheej tiv thaiv maj mam yaj los ntawm high concentration hydrogen ions; Cov qhov txhab me me tsis tuaj yeem kho tus kheej txawm tias muaj cov txheej txheem yaj cov pa oxygen. - Lub sijhawm ntev pH: 9: Lub solubility ntawm cov pa yog txo qis thiab kev tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab yog cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov siab ntawm hydroxide. High pH yuav synergistically ceev cov mis nyuj etching ntawm lub raj phab ntsa yog tias muaj cov tshuaj fluoride nyob rau hauv lub cev. Titanium muaj peev xwm tiv taus lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm CIP nrog cov kua qaub muaj zog; Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev puas tsuaj vim yog lub sijhawm ntev fermentation ntawm pH huab cua. ### Rhaub nrog PFA Txheej Ntawm chav tsev kub, PFA fluoroplastic yog tshuaj tiv thaiv rau tag nrho pH ntau yam. Txawm li cas los xij, pH kev puas tsuaj feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ua ke nrog cov txheej txheej khawb . - Qhov kub thiab txias muaj zog alkali (pH＞11, T＞85 degree): Cov kua alkali nkag mus rau hauv khawb qhov khoob; Tom qab rov ua cua sov mus, cov ntxiab alkali vaporises los tsim lub siab sab hauv thiab zais hlwv. Deg txheej micro-embrittlement yog maj mam induced los ntawm lub sij hawm ntev, muaj zog acid soaking, uas ua rau kom muaj kev cuam tshuam rau khawb thaum lub sij hawm ib feem scouring. pH sib txawv yuav tsis ua rau qhov tsis ua hauj lwm sai ntawm PFA hauv ob sab phlu, yog tias qhov kub thiab txias yog khaws cia thiab cov seem muaj zog alkali yog ntxuav kom huv si. ### Quartz iav Quartz silicon dioxide yog acid-resistant; Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj kev cuam tshuam rau alkali, uas yog nws qhov ua rau pH qhov ua rau tuag taus . - Quartz yog qhov cuam tshuam rau OH⁻ tawm tsam thaum raug alkaline nruab nrab lossis qhov seem alkali ntxuav hnyav. Si-O daim ntawv cog lus los tsim cov silicate soluble, uas ua rau tsim cov ntxhib, frosted txheej ntawm lub raj phab ntsa. Qhov nrawm nrawm nrawm yog txuam nrog ntau dua pH thiab qhov kub thiab txias. - Tom qab ntau lub voj voog cua sov, txawm tias qhov nruab nrab tsis muaj zog alkaline nrog pH ntawm 7.5 yuav ua rau pom matte discoloration. Nyob rau hauv lub voj voog vicious, qhov tsim ntawm frosting tshwm sim nyob rau hauv adhesion ntawm ntxiv biofilm thiab alkali residues, uas ntxiv exacerbates corrosion. Quartz loops yuav tsum tau tsim los tiv thaiv kev sib cuag nrog alkaline kua; ib qho inadvertent cross-contamination yuav tsum tam sim ntawd tag nrho cov kua qaub ncig neutralisation. ## 3. Kev ua haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm uas ua rau tsis zoo pH qib 1. Lub sijhawm ntev nruab nrab pH sib txawv ntawm qhov nruab nrab vim yog cov kua qaub ntau dhau / alkali supplementation xav tau rau kev hloov pH sai ntawm cov fermentation broth. 2. Cov kua qaub lossis alkali residual muaj zog acid lossis alkali khaws cia rau hauv cov kav dej tom qab cov kua qaub / alkali ntau dhau rau hauv cov kua qaub los yog alkali residual Kev ncig. 3. Kev tsis saib xyuas pH theem thaum lub sij hawm fermentation lig ua rau muaj kev sib txuam ntawm microbial metabolic acids, uas tuaj yeem ua rau qis pH tsis tu ncua rau ob peb teev. 4. Kev mob hnyav frosting tau pib los ntawm kev sib koom cov raj xa dej sib xyaw ntawm cov txheej txheem alkaline cov kua dej puv-quarized thiab quartz 9 Standard { quartz 4. Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv 1. Ua haujlwm hauv online pH saib xyuas lub sijhawm nrog lub tswb tsis siv neeg interlock. Qhov no yuav pib ceeb toom thiab pub kev sib cuam tshuam thaum pH ntau tshaj qhov kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom. 2. Txhim kho pH kev ua haujlwm: Siv qeeb, segmented dosing los tiv thaiv pH ntse overshoot thiab tswj qhov nruab nrab nyob rau hauv qhov nruab nrab tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb rau lub sij hawm ntev fermentation cia. 3. Standardize the judgment to the subquent stage of the IP: kom txog thaum lub pH effluent mus txog nruab nrab txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kua qaub lossis alkali ntxiv . 4. Cov khoom siv zoning tswj: Cov txheej txheem ntau-alkali siv PFA los yog stainless hlau loops, thaum cov txheej txheem fluoride/acid siv cov titanium los yog quartz conduits uas tsis muaj kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas tsis tu ncua{103} Lub voj voog tsis tu ncua{103} stainless hlau vim kev ua haujlwm ntev acidic, thaum cov khoom siv quartz tau yaug cov kua qaub txhua hli kom tshem tawm cov kab alkali frosting. ## Cov Ntsiab Lus Qhia Txog Lub raj cua sov cov qauv tiv thaiv saum npoo yog cuam tshuam los ntawm pH sib txawv hauv cov kua dej huv thiab nruab nrab. Acid dissolves hlau oxide zaj duab xis, alkali erodes titanium thiab quartz, thiab high-temperature alkali cuam tshuam qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm PFA txheej. Kev soj ntsuam pH nruj hauv online, kev hloov kho tus qauv, thiab ua kom tiav cov dej tsis huv tuaj yeem txo qis pH vim qhov ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cov cua sov raj los ntawm kev tswj hwm lub kaw lus nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm pH nyab xeeb.