Hom thiab ua haujlwm cov ntsiab cai ntawm thermocouples

Hom thiab ua haujlwm cov ntsiab cai ntawm thermocouples
Ua haujlwm ua haujlwm ntawm thermocouple:
Thaum ob tus sib txawv thiab cov semiconductors A thiab B tsim kom muaj qhov kub thiab txias, thiab muaj qhov kawg ntawm lub zog, Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim qhov kub sib txawv yog hu ua cov nyhuv pom. Muaj ob qho cuam tshuam txog kev pom zoo: Ua ntej, thaum muaj kev sib txawv ntawm ob qho sib txawv, ua kom sov (nyob ntawm qhov kev taw qhia tam sim no), uas yog hu ua Peltier nyhuv; Thib ob, thaum ib qho tam sim no ntws los ntawm tus saib xyuas nrog qhov ntsuas kub, tus neeg saib xyuas kev sib raug zoo rau qhov kub thiab txias gradient), hu ua kev paub txog qhov tseeb. Kev sib xyaw ntawm ob tus neeg sib txawv lossis cov semiconductors yog hu ua thermocouple. Lub thermoelectric muaj peev xwm eB (t, t 0) ntawm ib qho thermocouple yog tsim ntawm cov peev xwm thiab thermoelectric peev xwm. Hu rau cov peev xwm hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm tsim ntawm kev sib chwv ntawm ob tus neeg sib txawv lossis muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom ntawm ob tus neeg saib xyuas lossis ntsuas kub ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag. Thermoelectric muaj peev xwm hais txog lub peev xwm tsim ntawm ob xaus ntawm tib tus neeg saib xyuas lossis semiconductor ntawm ntau qhov kub. This potential is only related to the properties of the conductor or semiconductor and the temperature at both ends, and is independent of the length, cross-sectional size, and temperature distribution along the length direction of the conductor. Ob qho tib si sib cuag muaj peev xwm thiab thermoelectric peev xwm yog tsim los vim muaj cov hluav taws xob sib txawv ntawm qhov kev sib cuag, thiab lub peev xwm thermoellets yog kev sib txuas ntawm ob. Thaum lub Circuit Court yog disconnected, muaj ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib txawv △ v ntawm cov ntsiab lus txiav tawm a thiab b, uas nws polaritude thiab qhov ntau yog sib xws nrog Circuit Court. Thiab nws tau hais tias nyob rau thaum xaus, thaum qhov tam sim no ntws los ntawm a rau b, a yog hu ua qhov zoo electrode thiab b yog qhov tsis zoo electrode. Cov kev sim tau qhia tau tias thaum Δ v yog me, Δ v yog ncaj qha rau Δ t yog txhais tau tias yog thermoelectric muaj peev xwm ntawm cov nqi thermoelectric muaj peev xwm, tseem hu ua Selbeck coefficient. Lub cim thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov pom pom kev coefficient nyob ntawm ntawm lub zog thermielecient nyob ntawm ob tug neeg coj uas ua qhov kub ntawm lub tshav hlws. Hom kev thermocots
Feem ntau siv thermocouples feem ntau muab faib ua ob pawg: qauv thermocoorples thiab cov thermoco zog. Lub npe hu ua Txheem Thermocouple uas muaj lub teb chaws tus qauv uas muaj peev xwm qhia txog kev sib raug zoo thiab kub, tso cai rau qhov tsis raug, thiab muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntsuas. Nws muaj cov khoom sib txuam tso tawm rau kev xaiv. Tsis yog qauv thermocoen tsis yog raws li dav siv lossis ntawm tib qho kev txiav txim ntawm qhov ntau li qauv thermoco, thiab feem ntau tsis muaj kev sib koom tes ntawm cov lus sib txuas lus. Lawv feem ntau yog siv rau kev ntsuas hauv qee lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Txij li Lub Ib Hlis 1, 1988, txhua qhov thermocoter thiab cov cua sov hauv Suav teb tau tsim los ntawm cov qauv hluav taws xob hauv ntiaj teb, thiab T, tau raug xaiv raws li kev tsim qauv thermocouces hauv Suav teb.
1. K-hom Thermocouple Nickel Kev Chromium (Nickel Silicon (Nickel Txhuas) Thermocouple)
K-hom Thermocouple yog tus nqi qis hlau thermocouple nrog muaj zog oxidation tiv, uas tuaj yeem ntsuas ntsuas kub ntawm {2}} kev kawm. Nws yog qhov haum rau kev siv tas mus li hauv oxidizing thiab inert siv roj, nrog lub sijhawm luv luv siv ntawm 1200 kev siv ntsuas kub ntawm 1000 degree. Qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm nws thermoelectric muaj peev xwm thiab kub yog kwv yees linear, ua rau nws tam sim no siv dav dav siv thermocouple. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis haum rau cov xaim xaim xaim hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, cov pa roj muaj, cov pa roj carbon monomating, thiab hloov cov oxidation-txo cov cua; Thaum cov pa oxygen ib nrab yog tsawg, chromium nyob rau hauv npib tsib xas hluav taws xob elidode, ua rau muaj kev hloov loj hauv thermoelectric muaj peev xwm. Txawm li cas los xij, tus cawv ntawm cov roj hlau ntawm nws yog qhov me me, yog li cov hlab hlau tiv thaiv feem ntau siv.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm K-hom thermocouple:
(1) Lub siab-kub ruaj khov ntawm thermoelectric peev xwm yog qhov tsis txaus siab rau qhov n-hom hlau thermoco thermoco thermocupures (xws li ntau dua 1000 degree);
(2) Lub sij hawm luv luv thermal cycling ruaj khov tsis zoo nyob rau hauv cov kab ke kub thiab muaj kev sib txawv, thiab qhov txawv tuaj yeem ncav cuag {}} degree;
(3) Qhov tsis zoo electrode undergoes hloov pauv tsis pub dhau qhov kub thiab txias, ua rau muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov chav ntsuas kub hauv chav sov li ntawm 230 degree. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw sib nqus, lub sijhawm ywj pheej thermoelectric cuam tshuam feem ntau tshwm sim;
(4) Lub sijhawm ntev dhau los ua rau highput system iradiation ib puag ncig tuaj yeem ua rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo (mn) nyob rau hauv qhov tsis zoo electrode, uas ua rau muaj kev ruaj khov tsis zoo.
2. S-hom thermocouple (platinum Rhodium 10 Platinum thermocouple)
Qhov zoo electrode yog tsim los ntawm platinum Rhodium rhodium alloy muaj 10% rho tawm, thiab qhov tsis zoo electrode yog ntshiab platinum.
Nws cov yam ntxwv yog:
(1) ruaj khov thermoelectric kev ua tau zoo, haum rau kev siv txuas ntxiv mus, siv qhov ntsuas khiav tawm tau tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1300 degree. Txawm nyob rau hauv huab cua, ntshiab platinum xaim yuav recrystone, ua rau coarse nplej thiab tawg thaum tshaj 1400 degree;
(2) theem siab, nrog qib siab tshaj plaws qib ntawm txhua qhov thermocoumles, feem ntau yog siv los ua tus qauv lossis ntsuas ntsuas kub dua;
(3) Siv tau dav, nrog kev sib luag zoo thiab sib hloov pauv;
(4) Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog: cov peev txheej sib txawv yog qhov me me, ua rau muaj kev rhiab tsawg; Kim nqe, tsawg cov tshuab zog muaj zog, tsis yog
Haum rau kev siv nyob rau hauv kev txo cov cua lossis cov xwm txheej nrog cov hlau vapor.
3. E-hom thermocouple (Nickel chromium tooj liab npib tsib xee [constantan] thermocouple)
E-type thermocouple is a relatively new product, with nickel chromium alloy as the positive electrode and copper nickel alloy (constantan) as the negative electrode. Nws loj tshaj plaws feature yog tias feem ntau siv thermocouples, nws muaj siab tshaj plaws thermoelectric muaj peev xwm, uas yog qhov siab tshaj plaws; Txawm hais tias nws daim ntawv thov ntau tsis yog li K-hom thermocouple, nws feem ntau raug xaiv nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum muaj siab zoo, thiab kev ua siab ntev rau siab tiv taus siab; Cov kev txwv tsis pub siv thaum siv yog tib yam li cov K-hom, tab sis nws tsis rhiab heev rau kev xeb hauv ib cheeb tsam uas muaj cov av noo ntau dua.
4. N-hom thermocouple (npib chromium silicium tsibckel silicon thickocouple)
Lub ntsiab nta ntawm thermocouple yog: muaj qhov kub thiab txias thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntev thiab lub sijhawm ntev kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab luv luv mus rau kev ua haujlwm nuclear thiab qhov kub tsawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm {{3} degree, cov kab ke ntawm cov n-hom thermocouples yog qhov zoo dua li ntawm K-hom thermocouples; Txawm li cas los xij, qhov yuam kev nonlineear yog qhov loj nyob rau hauv qhov kub tsawg ({}} ~ 400 degree), thiab cov khoom siv nyuaj thiab nyuaj rau cov txheej txheem.
5. J-hom thermocouple (hlau constantan thermocouple)
J-hom thermocouple: qhov zoo electrode ntawm thermocouple yog cov hlau ntshiab, thiab cov tsis zoo electrode yog constantan (tooj liab Nickel alloy). Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm nws tus nqi qis thiab yog haum rau lub tshuab nqus eesidation txo lossis inert cua. Qhov ntsuas kub ntau yog los ntawm -200}, tab sis feem ntau siv tau 5000 degree, vim tias dhau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov ferroelectric electrode yog nrawm. Yog tias tuab txoj kab uas siv cov kab hlau siv, nws tseem tuaj yeem siv tau ntawm qhov kub thiab muaj kev pab ntau dua; Qhov thermocouple no muaj peev xwm nrog kev txwv tsis pub corrosion los ntawm hydrogen (H2) thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias (xws li 500 degree) uas muaj (s) atmospheres.
6. T-hom thermocouple (tooj liab tooj liab npib thermocouple)
T-hom thermocouple: qhov zoo electrode ntawm Thermocouple yog tus ntshiab tooj liab, thiab qhov tsis zoo electrode yog tooj liab nonoy alloy (tseem hu ua constantan). Nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog:
Ntawm cov nqi qis dua cov thermoco tho, nws muaj qhov tseeb tshaj plaws thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm lub thermoelectric electrode; Nws kev ua haujlwm kub yog -200} ~ 350 degree. Vim yog qhov yooj yim oxidation thiab detachment ntawm oxide zaj duab xis ntawm tooj liab kub electrode, nws yuav tsum feem ntau tsis tshaj 300 degree thaum siv hauv oxidizing huab cua. Tsis pub dhau ntawm thaj tsam ntawm -200} ~ 300 degree, lawv muaj siab rhiab. Lwm tus cwj pwm ntawm tooj liab constantan thermoounles yog tias lawv pheej yig thiab yog cov pheej yig tshaj ntawm ntau cov qauv qauv.
7. R-hom thermocouple (platinum Rhodium 13 Platinum Thermocouple)
Qhov zoo electrode yog 13% Platinum rhodium alloy, thiab qhov tsis zoo electrode yog ntshiab platinum. Piv nrog S-hom, nws cov peev xwm yog li 15% siab dua.
(1) ruaj khov thermoelectric kev ua tau zoo, haum rau kev siv txuas ntxiv mus, siv qhov ntsuas khiav tawm tau tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1300 degree. Txawm nyob rau hauv huab cua, ntshiab platinum xaim yuav recrystone, ua rau coarse nplej thiab tawg thaum tshaj 1400 degree;
(2) theem siab, nrog qib siab tshaj plaws qib ntawm txhua qhov thermocoumles, feem ntau yog siv los ua tus qauv lossis ntsuas ntsuas kub dua;
(3) Siv tau dav, nrog kev sib luag zoo thiab sib hloov pauv;
(4) Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog: cov peev txheej sib txawv yog qhov me me, ua rau muaj kev rhiab tsawg; Kim nqe, tsawg cov tshuab zog muaj zog, tsis yog
Haum rau kev siv nyob rau hauv kev txo cov cua lossis cov xwm txheej nrog cov hlau vapor.