Lub luag haujlwm dab tsi ua PTFE Immersion Heaters Ua Si hauv Nruab Nrab -Phosphorus Electroless Nickel Plating?

Electroless npib tsib xee da dej yog autocatalytic - ib zaug rhuab lawv xav phaj npib tsib xee rau txhua yam nrog rau lub rhaub nws tus kheej. Lub PTFE immersion rhaub muab qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev kub siab ua haujlwm nrog qhov tsis yog - nplaum nplaum uas tiv thaiv tus kheej no -plating los ntawm qhov tshwm sim, yog li ua kom lub da dej ruaj khov thiab lub rhaub dej zoo. Rau nruab nrab -phosphorus electroless npib tsib xee (EN) cov txheej txheem, qhov no sib npaug rau kev da dej tsawg dua thiab qis dua rau kev saib xyuas.

Nruab nrab -Phosphorus Electroless Nickel Ib puag ncig kev nkag siab
Nruab nrab-phosphorus electroless nickel deposits yog npaj nrog sodium hypophosphite txo tus neeg sawv cev thiab feem ntau suav nrog 5-9% phosphorus. Lub da dej ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub siab, feem ntau 85℃- 95 degree, nrog pH ntawm li 4.5 - 5.0 (me ntsis acid). Hypophosphite txo qis ntawm da dej yog intrinsically corrosive rau ntau hom hlau thiab tsuas yog sib xws nrog cov cua sov uas tuaj yeem tiv taus ntev ntev rau cov kua qaub kub.

Ib qho kev tshawb nrhiav tsis tu ncua hauv kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj npib tsib xee yog qhov nrawm nrawm ntawm cov nyiaj npib tsib xee tso rau ntawm cov hlau immersion rhaub - stainless hlau, titanium, lossis lwm yam alloys. Raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv autocatalytic tsis yog -kev ntxub ntxaug, npib tsib xee ions hauv cov tshuaj raug txo rau ib qho kev ua kom sov zoo, catalytically active nto. Cov hlau rhaub sheaths yog them nrog ib tug ntxhib adhering txheej ntawm nickel alloy. Cov txheej no tsis raug kho rau hauv qhov chaw, nws tuaj yeem flake tawm hauv cov khoom tawg, xau rau hauv da dej thiab tsim roughness, pitting lossis nodular defects ntawm cov khoom plated. Cov nyiaj khaws cia yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ib ntus nrog concentrated nitric acid. Qhov no nthuav tawm cov neeg ua haujlwm rau kev phom sij ntawm kev tuav cov kua qaub thiab tseem yuav siv lub tshuab cua sov tawm ntawm kev pabcuam.

PTFE Advantage: Kub Acid Baths, Tsis yog -Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo
Lub PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) immersion heaters daws qhov teeb meem stray deposition los ntawm cov yam ntxwv saum npoo ntawm cov khoom, tsis yog tshuaj inhibition. Lub PTFE sheath muaj lub zog qis heev, feem ntau ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 18 mN / m, yog li cov nyiaj npib tsib xee tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom lag luam muaj zog. Txhua tus npib tsib xee uas pib txo qis ntawm PTFE nto yog qhov tsis zoo thiab tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm sai sai los ntawm kev da dej los yog lub teeb kho tshuab tu.

Tshwj xeeb, rau kev ua haujlwm electroless npib tsib xee, PTFE rhaub mid phosphorous electroless nickel daim ntawv thov muab:

Tsawg da dej paug: Tsawg cov nickel particles poob sib npaug tsawg dua workpiece flaws thiab ntev da dej lub neej ntawm filtering cycles.

Tsis muaj nitric acid stripping ntau dua: Qhov tsis yog - nplaum nplaum feem ntau tsis tas yuav siv tshuaj ntxuav kom nruj; ib lub teeb txhuam los yog siab - cov tshuaj tsuag dej feem ntau txaus.

Tsis muaj catalytic hlau taw qhia: PTFE yog ib tug ntshiab fluoropolymer, pab tsis muaj hlau, npib tsib xee, titanium los yog lwm yam catalytic hom uas yuav destabilize lub da dej.

Compatible Thermal and Safe Watt Density Design
PTFE muaj qhov siab tshaj qhov kev pabcuam kub ntawm li 110 degree. Lub tshuab cua sov PTFE muaj qhov kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv qhov txwv no-tab sis tsuas yog yog tias qhov ceev ntawm watt raug tswj kom tsim nyog, vim tias cov dej tsis muaj nickel electroless khiav ntawm 85-95℃. Cov hluav taws xob sab hauv hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob, uas yuav tsum tau hloov ntawm PTFE sheath rau da dej. Yog hais tias lub watt ceev (lub zog ib cheeb tsam ntawm ib cheeb tsam) siab dhau lawm, lub sheath nto kub yog ntau dua li qhov kub da dej.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm chav da dej yog cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau watt ntom. Nyob rau hauv ib tug ceev faj tsim, qhov siab tshaj plaws watt ceev rau nruab nrab -phosphorus electroless nickel daim ntaub ntawv yuav tsum yog 1.0 W / cm2 (nyob ib ncig ntawm 6.5 W / in2). Thaum lub da dej kub ntawm 95 degree, PTFE nto yog deb tshaj 110℃ntawm qib no thiab tsis muaj thermal deformation los yog accelerated aging. Ntau dua watt ntom ntom uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj dav hlau cua sov yuav tsum zam nrog PTFE sheaths hauv EN kev pabcuam.

Cov Tswv Yim Kho Kom Zoo: Kev Tu Lub Sij Hawm Tsis Muaj Teeb Meem
PTFE muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau nickel adhesion, txawm li cas los xij, ib qho me me ntawm cov hmoov nplej me me yuav raug pom thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev (ntau txhiab teev). Nws tau raug qhia tias lub rhaub yuav raug tshem tawm ntawm lub da dej thiab yaug maj mam nrog dej deionised. Txhua qhov seem grey lossis dub residue tuaj yeem yaj los ntawm luv luv immersion hauv dilute nitric acid (20-30 vol %) ntawm chav sov, uas dissolves npib tsib xee tab sis tsis yog PTFE. Lub PTFE rhaub yog tiv thaiv los ntawm nitric acid thiab qhia tias tsis muaj degradation, tsis zoo li hlau heaters uas xav tau hnyav stripping uas yuav ua rau pitting los yog kev nyuaj siab tawg. Yaug thiab qhuav, lub rhaub yog npaj rau kev rov qab mus rau kev pabcuam sai.

Cov lus ceeb toom tseem ceeb: PTFE yog incompatible nrog concentrated nitric acid ntawm huab cua kub. Kev ntxuav yuav tsum tau ua tsuas yog nyob rau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.

Cov kev coj ua
Thaum qhia txog PTFE immersion rhaub rau nruab nrab -phosphorus electroless npib tsib xee, cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no yuav tsum tau xav txog:

Sheath configuration: Tsawg profile, L-zoo li tus lossis dhau- sab - sab. PTFE feem ntau yog abrasion resistant tab sis koj yuav tsum khaws lub tso cua sov tawm ntawm txoj kev siab - ncig qhov chaw uas lub da dej turbulence yuav mechanically rub lub rhaub.

Lub zog xav tau: Tag nrho cov wattage yog txiav txim siab los ntawm lub ntim da dej, tshwj xeeb cua sov thiab lub sij hawm ua kom sov. Yog tias koj muaj lub tank loj koj yuav zoo dua los siv ob peb lub hwj chim qis PTFE tso cua sov es tsis txhob siv ib lub siab wattage, kom cov watt ceev cia.

Tswj lub tswv yim: PID maub los nrog titanium lossis PTFE-coated thermowell tuav dej kub hauv ± 1℃. Ib qho ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm PTFE sheath yog tswj tsis ua hauj lwm ua rau overheating.

PTFE cov khoom tsis yog- cov khoom nplaum muab cov txheej txheem kev ruaj ntseg uas cov cua sov hlau tsis tuaj yeem muab tau. Nickel flaking tawm cov cua sov yog ib qho ua rau muaj kev tsis lees paub ntau hauv cov haujlwm electroless nickel, thiab hloov mus rau PTFE immersion heaters feem ntau txo qis rework los ntawm 50% lossis ntau dua.

Cov lus xaus
PTFE immersion heaters yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov txheej txheem kev ntseeg siab vim lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tiv thaiv -fouling nta hauv cov txheej txheem electroless nickel. Qhov tsis yog- nplaum nplaum, ib txwm nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab kev tiv thaiv kub, acidic hypophosphite da dej daws qhov teeb meem tsis tu ncua ntawm pliaj npib tsib xee tso rau ntawm cov khoom cua sov. Cov khoom siv saum npoo zoo tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb raws li kev tiv thaiv corrosion hauv qee cov txheej txheem, electroless nickel plating yog ib qho piv txwv loj. Nrog lub tshuab cua sov PTFE nrog kev saib xyuas kom zoo watt ceev, thiab cov txheej txheem tu ib ntus yooj yim, kev ua tiav tuaj yeem ua tiav ntev -lub sij hawm ruaj khov da dej chemistry, txo cov haujlwm tu, thiab ua kom plated tivthaiv zoo.