Cov ntaub ntawv twg tuaj yeem ua kom qhov tseeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm kev ntsuas kub hauv qhov kub thiab txias?

Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kub kub, kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tseeb tias qhov tseeb thiab muaj zog nyeem ntawv. Daim duab lub cub tawg uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias hovering siab tshaj 1000 ntau yam Celsius los yog ib qho chaw txias txias nyob ib puag ncig uas qhov kub thiab txias plummet ze ze zero. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov khoom tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua rau txhua qhov sib txawv.
Thermocoules raug ntiav tsis tu ncua hauv kev ntsuas kub kub. Cov khoom siv hauv thermocouples ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo tag nrho. Rau qhov kub thiab txias ib puag ncig, cov khoom xws li platinum thiab rhodium yog qhov kev xaiv zoo heev. Platinum-rhodium thermocouples tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias thiab tuav qhov tseeb thiab sib npaug. Cov tshuaj no muaj ntau yam melting yam thiab zoo heev tiv thaiv oxidation thiab tshuaj corrosion. Lawv tuaj yeem muab cov kev ntsuas kub txaus ntseeg tau txawm tias nyob hauv qhov siab tshaj plaws uas cuam tshuam qhov kub thiab txias, nrog rau hauv metallurgy thiab aerospace.
Hauv qhov kub thiab txias, cov tshuaj xws li tooj liab thiab constantan feem ntau yog siv. Copper-constantan thermocouples yog qhov tsim nyog rau qhov ntsuas kub qis thaum lawv qhia tawm qhov sib npaug sab saum toj thiab rhiab heev hauv qhov txias. Cov tshuaj no muaj cov thermal conductivity tsawg ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, uas ua rau kom txo qhov kub thiab txias hloov thiab ua kom muaj kev nyeem ntawv raug. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv yuav tsis tshua kim npaum li piv rau ob peb yam khoom siv rau kev ntsuas kub kub.
Lwm cov ntaub uas yuav ua kom qhov tseeb thiab sib npaug ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yog tungsten. Tungsten muaj qhov ua tau zoo kawg nkaus melting yam thiab yuav dais kub heev. Nws yog siv tsis tu ncua nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam nyob qhov twg kub tshaj 2000 ranges Celsius. Txawm li cas los xij, tungsten yog nkig thiab tuaj yeem xav tau kev tswj hwm tshwj xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb. Tungsten thermocouples feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb cov chaw soj nstuam thiab cov txheej txheem kev lag luam tshwj xeeb.
Ntxiv nrog rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv rau lub thermocouple nws tus kheej, cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev nyab xeeb kuj tseem ua haujlwm tseem ceeb. Rau qhov kub thiab txias ntau dhau, ceramic insulators thiab cov tshuaj refractory tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov thermocouple los ntawm kev sov so thiab kev puas tsuaj. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig cryogenic, cov khoom tshwj xeeb insulating uas muaj cov thermal conductivity tsawg thiab yooj yim sab saum toj yuav tsum tau ua kom paub tseeb tias qhov ntsuas tau raug.
Kev calibration kom zoo thiab kho dua tshiab ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub yog qhov tseem ceeb kom paub tseeb tias qhov tseeb thiab sib npaug. Tsis tu ncua calibration kev siv cov kev xav tau thiab kev tswj txoj cai thiab chaw nres tsheb ntawm cov thermocouples tuaj yeem pab tuav lawv cov kev ua tau zoo txhua lub sijhawm. Hauv kev xaus, cov khoom siv nrog platinum, rhodium, tooj liab, constantan, thiab tungsten tuaj yeem ua kom qhov tseeb thiab sib npaug ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv qab kub kub. Nrog rau cov rwb thaiv tsev tsim nyog thiab cov khoom siv kev nyab xeeb thiab txoj cai calibration thiab kho dua tshiab, cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem muab kev nyeem ntawv kub siab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws.