Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Magnesium Oxide hauv 10,000mm Ultra-Long Cartridge rhaub

Muaj cov hmoov dawb nyob rau hauv txhua lub tshuab rhaub dej kub uas zoo li yooj yim tab sis ua ob yam tseem ceeb uas yog qhov sib txawv: nws muab cov hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev zoo tshaj plaws thiab kuj ua haujlwm zoo li cov thermal conductor. Cov tshuaj yog ** magnesium oxide (MgO) **. Nws tus cwj pwm yog qhov yooj yim thiab yooj yim los tswj rau luv luv cua sov (200-500mm). Tab sis rau **ultra-ntev ib leeg- tas cov cartridge tso cua sov uas yog 10,000mm (10 meters) lossis ntev dua **, qhov kev xav tau ntawm MgO ua ntau nyuaj thiab tseem ceeb rau lub tshuab rhaub kom ua tiav lossis tsis ua haujlwm.### Basic Properties of MgO hauv Cartridge Heaters

MgO is chosen because it perfectly meets two needs that are at odds with each other: - **Electrical insulation**: High dielectric strength (usually >1000 V / mm thaum raug compacted) uas ua rau tam sim no los ntawm cov xaim ntawm cov hlau tsis kam thiab cov hlau sheath. - **Thermal conductivity**: Thaum compressed, MgO muaj cov thermal conductivity ntawm **10–20 W/m·K** (nyob ntawm qhov ceev thiab kub), uas zoo dua huab cua (≈/0.025 W). Qhov kev siv hluav taws xob zoo no ua rau qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov xaim sab hauv los ntawm kev siab dhau, txawm tias thaum lub plhaub ua haujlwm ntawm 400-800 degree.

Cov hlau tsis muaj zog yuav ua rau kub dhau sai, oxidise, thiab tsis ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj siab - zoo, ntom ntom ntom ntom MgO.### Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev ntawm Compaction ntom thiab Uniformity

Thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom, lub tshuab ua kom sov yog loaded nrog MgO hmoov thiab tom qab ntawd muab los ntawm **swaging**, uas yog ib tug radial compression ua hauj lwm uas ua rau lub sheath txoj kab uas hla 20-40%. Qhov no compresses lub MgO mus rau qhov xav tau ceev ntawm li 2.8–3.2 g / cm³, tig cov hmoov xoob mus rau hauv ib qho nyuaj, pob zeb-zoo li huab hwm coj uas tuav cov hlau tsis kam rau hauv qhov chaw thiab pab hloov cov cua sov.
**Yuav ua li cas thaum compaction ua tsis ncaj ncees lawm **: - ** Hauv qab -compaction**: Qhov no tawm cov hnab pa me me uas ua haujlwm raws li thermal thaiv. Cov hlau tsis muaj zog tau kub ntau dua li cov ntaub qhwv, uas ua rau oxidation thiab burnout . - ** Tshaj -compaction**: Qhov no tuaj yeem tawg lossis tsoo cov hlau tiv thaiv, ua rau cov tub ntxhais hluas ceramic, lossis ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab hauv lub plhaub.

Nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom tau txais kev ceev txawm tias siv cov cuab yeej swaging tsis tu ncua rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob luv luv. Nws dhau los ua qhov teeb meem loj engineering rau **10,000mm ultra-ntev cua sov**. Raws li qhov ntev ntev, compression rog tuaj yeem hloov pauv, uas tuaj yeem ua rau qhov ntom ntom tsis sib xws. Piv txwv li, qhov nruab nrab lossis sab saum toj yuav xoob, thaum lub hauv qab yuav denser. Cov kev sib txawv no ua rau cov cheeb tsam kub thiab cov cheeb tsam txias uas txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev.

Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov no, cov tuam ntxhab siv: - Ntxiv- lub txaj ntev swaging uas tau tsim rau lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb (feem ntau yog 12+ meters). - Cov txheej txheem Swaging uas tshwm sim hauv ntau tshaj ib theem lossis ntu . - Kev vibration siab heev- pab ua cov txheej txheem kom paub tseeb tias cov hmoov sib npaug sib npaug ua ntej nws yog compressed # Question ###

MgO yog heev ** hygroscopic **, uas txhais tau hais tias nws yooj yim siv dej los ntawm huab cua nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Txawm tias cov dej me me tuaj yeem txo qis nws lub zog dielectric. Lub tshuab cua sov qhuav tuaj yeem muaj cov rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv ntau dua 1000 MΩ, tab sis thaum nws raug huab cua ntub rau lub sijhawm luv, qhov no tuaj yeem poob rau ob peb MΩ lossis tsawg dua. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau hauv av txhaum, cov dej ntws tawm, lossis txawm tias luv luv uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau.

Thaum siv ultra-ntev 10,000mm cov cua sov rau sab nraum zoov, hauv av, lossis kho av, qhov kev pheej hmoo siab dua vim tias muaj thaj tsam ntau dua thiab txoj hauv kev ntev dua. Cov dej noo tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv me me sheath flaws lossis txav mus raws cov hlau lead.
**Steps to stop it**: - Sealing the lead exit and the sealed tip hermetically during production. - Packaging that keeps moisture out using a desiccant until it is installed. - Before installation, bake out the heater at 120–150℃for 4–24 hours (or at 50% voltage) to get rid of any moisture that has gotten inside. - For usage in the field in Cov chaw ntub dej, thov kom tag nrho cov potted los yog epoxy- kaw kaw.### Lub purity ntawm MgO thiab nws cuam tshuam li cas nws kav ntev npaum li cas

Tsis yog txhua tus MgO yog tib yam. Hmoov rau kev siv feem ntau muaj impurities xws li hlau oxide, calcium oxide, silica, thiab alkalis hauv nws. Cov impurities no: - Txo lub peev xwm ua kom sov. - Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, nws tuaj yeem ua cov tshuaj lom neeg nrog cov nickel-chromium tsis kam xaim, uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws nkig lossis ua rau muaj kev xeb hauv zos. - Txo qhov kub siab tshaj plaws uas nws muaj kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm.

Ultra- cov cua sov ntev uas ua haujlwm zoo siv **99.4% rau 99.9% ntshiab fused MgO**. Tus nqi ntxiv yog me me, tab sis lub rhaub lub thermal kev ua tau zoo thiab tsis kam mus rau siab - qhov kub thiab txias degradation tuaj yeem nyob rau ntau xyoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum siv nyob ib ncig ntawm 5-6 W / cm² conservative watt density uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov ntev.### Cov khoom ua haujlwm li cas thiab lawv hloov li cas rau lub sijhawm

MgO tsis zoo li qub thaum siv: - Thaum qhov kub siab tshaj 600-800 degree, cov hmoov pib rau **sinter**. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov khoom sib txuas ua ke, uas ua rau cov khoom tsis muaj qhov ntxeem tau thiab, qee zaum, qhov zoo dua ntawm kev ua cua sov. - Kev rov ua dua kub ua rau cov hlau tsis kam thiab MgO kem nthuav dav ntawm cov nqi sib txawv, uas tuaj yeem ua rau micro- tawg ntau txhiab lub voj voog. - Thaum ntsia vertically, qhov hnyav ntawm MgO 1}2mm nws tus kheej ({a 10,000mm rhaub tuav txog **1.4-1.8 kg** ntawm compacted MgO) txo qis kev ntxhov siab rau nws. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau nyob rau lub sijhawm, nrog rau qhov chaw siab dua tau qis dua thiab qis dua tau txais ntau dua. Qhov no ua rau qhov chaw sab sauv kub thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kub kub.

Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob nyob thiab nkag mus, siab - cov neeg tsim khoom siv kawg siv: - Ua tib zoo tswj kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntxhib thiab cov nplej zoo rau kev ntim khoom zoo dua thiab ruaj khov. - Cov qauv tsim sab hauv uas yog tapered los yog muaj ntau ntu uas hloov cov hlau ntsuas los yog lub suab raws li qhov ntev los ua kom pom cov kev hloov pauv hauv qhov ntom ntom.### Cov Lus Qhia Tseem Ceeb rau Cov Neeg Siv Khoom

Thaum koj tau txais 10,000mm cartridge rhaub tshiab:
1. Tam sim ntawd, xyuas cov rwb thaiv tsev tiv thaiv (nws yuav tsum yog ntau tshaj 500-1000 MΩ ntawm 500 V DC).
2. Yog tias qhov ntsuas qis (<100 MΩ), do a controlled bake-out before putting it in.
3. Tsis txhob qhib lub rhaub nrog cov rwb thaiv tsev tsis zoo; nws tuaj yeem luv luv tam sim ntawd lossis pib hluav taws.
4. Thaum txhim kho, khaws qhov kev txiav tawm kom tsis txhob ya raws thiab kev ntxhov siab (saib cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv cov hlau lead).

Rau ultra- cov cua sov ua haujlwm ntev ua haujlwm ruaj khov nyob rau lub sijhawm, ib txwm siv siab - purity, uniformly compacted MgO nrog: - Tsawg watt ceev (5–6 W / cm² lossis tsawg dua). - Cov chaw tsim khoom yuav tsum muab cov ntaub ntawv rau kev hloov pauv thiab kev tswj kom zoo. - Tau txais txoj cai haum (#li, borehole). Xaus

Magnesium oxide tsis yog tsuas yog muab tso rau hauv lub tshuab cua sov. Nws yog ib qho ua tib zoo tsim ib feem uas nws purity, ceev, uniformity, thiab ntev -lub sij hawm stability ho cuam tshuam lub rhaub hluav taws xob kev nyab xeeb, tshav kub hloov efficiency, thiab tag nrho cov lifespan ntawm lub lag luam.

Hauv cov cua sov luv luv, qhov sib txawv me me ntawm MgO ua haujlwm zoo li cas. Hauv **10,000mm ultra-ntev ib leeg- taub hau cua sov raj**, txhua feem ntawm MgO yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, los ntawm kev sau nws thiab swaging nws kom paub tseeb tias nws tsis ntub, tswm, lossis sinter. Yog tias lub tshuab cua sov tsis zoo, muaj cov dej noo hauv nws, lossis tsis huv txaus, nws tuaj yeem ua tsis tau thiab raug nqi nyiaj ntau. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov haujlwm nyuaj xws li kho av, sib sib zog nqus- cua sov zoo, lossis siab siab ua haujlwm reactors.

Cov neeg siv tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev ntseeg tau zoo heev thiab tau txais lub neej ua haujlwm ntau- xyoo uas cov cua kub tshwj xeeb no muaj peev xwm muab tau los ntawm kev paub tias magnesium oxide tseem ceeb npaum li cas thiab hais rau siab -purity, sib npaug MgO hauv ultra- cov cua sov ntev.