Peb feem ntau siv hom biodegradable plastics

Biodegradable plastics yuav zoo li ubiquitous, tab sis lawv ua tau tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm cov yas peb siv. Biodegradable plastics tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom thiab muaj kev siv sib txawv. Peb hom feem ntau yog polylactic acid (PLA), thermoplastic starch (TPS), thiab polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA).

PLA: Polylactic acid, tseem hu ua PLA, yog cov thermoplastic monomer muab los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv dua tshiab xws li pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab lossis qab zib. Kev siv cov khoom siv biomass ua rau PLA ntau lawm txawv ntawm cov yas feem ntau, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov fossil fuels los ntawm distillation thiab polymerization ntawm roj av.

Daim ntawv thov:
1. Biomedical field: Tshuaj xa cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub so ntswg engineering scaffold cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv kho pob txha, thiab lwm yam.

2. Kev lag luam thiab kev ua liaj ua teb: Agricultural mulch films, automotive qhov chaw engineering cov ntaub ntawv, siv hlua, tshuaj tua kab thiab chiv qeeb - tso cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam.

3. Cov khoom ntim khoom noj khoom haus: cov thawv ntim khoom noj uas siv tau pov tseg, khob yas, cutlery, thiab lwm yam.

TPS: Thermoplastic starch (TPS) nws tus kheej muaj cov khoom siv tsis zoo, xws li lub zog tensile tsawg thiab deformation hnyav, uas txwv nws daim ntawv thov hauv ntim lossis cov yeeb yaj kiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, TPS muaj hygroscopicity siab.

Daim ntaub ntawv: Dhau li ntawm cov khoom pov tseg, TPS yog siv hauv 3D luam ntawv cov khoom thiab cov khoom siv degradation alloy, muab cov ntawv thov tshiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, biodegradable resins muab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm matrix resins rau qeeb - tso cov ntaub ntawv.

PHAs: Ntawm ntau yam biodegradable plastics, biodegradable plastics PHAs (polyhydroxyalkanoates, abbreviated li PHAs) tau nyiam tshwj xeeb. Raws li optically active polyester, PHAs muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov polymers, tab sis lawv qhov tshwj xeeb zoo nyob rau hauv lawv cov biodegradability thiab biocompatibility.

Daim Ntawv Thov: PHAs yog siv los ua ntau lub thawv, hnab, thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab, txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig los ntawm cov khib nyiab no. Tsis tas li ntawd, PHAs tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov tshuaj ua cov pob txha hloov, pob txha daim hlau, thiab cov khoom siv biodegradable rau ntev - cov tshuaj ua yeeb yam.

Biodegradable plastics zoo li yuav pom kev siv dav dua yav tom ntej. Los ntawm ib puag ncig kev xav, qhov no yog qhov zoo, tab sis nws kuj xav kom cov teb chaws tsim kho vaj tse kom zoo dua qub ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no. Maj mam, lawv yuav pab kom peb txo peb txoj kev cia siab rau roj av-raws li plastics thiab tsis yog- cov peev txheej txuas ntxiv, thiab txo cov pa hluav taws xob hauv tsev cog khoom.